CCPR

CCPR

General comment No. 3:

第3号一般性意见：

Article 2 (Implementation at the national level)

第二条 (国家一级的执行)

Thirteenth session (1981)

第十三届会议(1981年)

1. The Committee notes that article 2 of the Covenant generally leaves it to the States parties concerned to choose their method of implementation in their territories within the framework set out in that article.

1. 委员会注意到《公约》第二条一般让有关缔约国在自己的领土内选择它们在该条所规定的范围内的执行方法。

It recognizes, in particular, that the implementation does not depend solely on constitutional or legislative enactments, which in themselves are often not per se sufficient.

它特别承认，执行工作并不完全依靠颁布宪法或法律，因为它们往往本身就有不足。

The Committee considers it necessary to draw the attention of States parties to the fact that the obligation under the Covenant is not confined to the respect of human rights, but that States parties have also undertaken to ensure the enjoyment of these rights to all individuals under their jurisdiction.

委员会认为必须提请缔约国注意：《公约》规定的义务不限于尊重人权，而且各缔约国也已承担保证在其管辖下人人享有这些权利。

This aspect calls for specific activities by the States parties to enable individuals to enjoy their rights.

这方面要求缔约国采取具体行动，以使个人能享有其权利。

This is obvious in a number of articles (e.g. article 3 which is dealt with in general comment No. 4 below), but in principle this undertaking relates to all rights set forth in the Covenant.

这在若干条(例如下面第4号一般性意见所讨论的第三条)中很清楚，但原则上，这项承担是适用于《公约》规定的一切权利的。

2. In this connection, it is very important that individuals should know what their rights under the Covenant (and the Optional Protocol, as the case may be) are and also that all administrative and judicial authorities should be aware of the obligations which the State party has assumed under the Covenant.

2. 在这方面，很重要的是，每个人应当知道《公约》(相关情况下，也应知道《任择议定书》)规定了他们有哪些权利。 也很重要的是，一切行政和司法当局应当知道缔约国根据《公约》规定所承担的义务。

To this end, the Covenant should be publicized in all official languages of the State and steps should be taken to familiarize the authorities concerned with its contents as part of their training.

为此目的，应以缔约国的一切正式语文来宣传《公约》并应采取步骤使各有关当局熟悉《公约》内容作为其训练的一部分。

It is desirable also to give publicity to the State party’s cooperation with the Committee.

最好也将缔约国与委员会的合作加以宣传。