CVN/CEDAW CVN_CEDAW_E.doc (English)

CVN/CEDAW CVN_CEDAW_C.doc (Chinese)

[ENG] CVN_CEDAW_E.doc

[CHI] CVN_CEDAW_C.doc [~]

[ENG] Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

[CHI] 消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约 [~]

[ENG] Adopted by General Assembly resolution 34/180 of 18 December 1979

[CHI] Adopted by General Assembly resolution 34/180 of 18 December 1979 [~]

[ENG] Entry into force: 22 December 2000

[CHI] Entry into force: 22 December 2000 [~]

[ENG] Text: United Nations, Treaty Series , vol. 2131, p. 83.

[CHI] Text: United Nations, Treaty Series , vol. 2131, p. 83. [~]

[ENG] The States Parties to the present Convention,

[CHI] 本公约缔约各国， [~]

[ENG] Noting that the Charter of the United Nations reaffirms faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women,

[CHI] 注意到《联合国宪章》重申对基本人权、人身尊严和价值以及男女平等权利的信念， [~]

[ENG] Noting that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms the principle of the inadmissibility of discrimination and proclaims that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and that everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth therein, without distinction of any kind, including distinction based on sex,

[CHI] 注意到《世界人权宣言》申明不容歧视的原则，并宣布人人生而自由，在尊严和权利上一律平等，且人人都有资格享受该宣言所载的一切权利和自由，不得有任何区别，包括男女的区别， [~]

[ENG] Noting that the States Parties to the International Covenants on Human Rights have the obligation to ensure the equal rights of men and women to enjoy all economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights,

[CHI] 注意到有关人权的各项国际公约的缔约国有义务保证男女平等享有一切经济、社会、文化、公民和政治权利， [~]

[ENG] Considering the international conventions concluded under the auspices of the United Nations and the specialized agencies promoting equality of rights of men and women,

[CHI] 考虑到在联合国及各专门机构主持下所签署旨在促进男女权利平等的各项国际公约， [~]

[ENG] Noting also the resolutions, declarations and recommendations adopted by the United Nations and the specialized agencies promoting equality of rights of men and women,

[CHI] 还注意到联合国和各专门机构所通过旨在促进男女权利平等的决议、宣言和建议， [~]

[ENG] Concerned, however, that despite these various instruments extensive discrimination against women continues to exist,

[CHI] 关心到尽管有这些各种文件，歧视妇女的现象仍然普遍存在， [~]

[ENG] Recalling that discrimination against women violates the principles of equality of rights and respect for human dignity, is an obstacle to the participation of women, on equal terms with men, in the political, social, economic and cultural life of their countries, hampers the growth of the prosperity of society and the family and makes more difficult the full development of the potentialities of women in the service of their countries and of humanity,

[CHI] 考虑到对妇女的歧视违反权利平等和尊重人的尊严的原则，阻碍妇女与男子平等参加本国的政治、社会、经济和文化生活，妨碍社会和家庭的繁荣发展，并使妇女更难充分发挥为国家和人类服务的潜力， [~]

[ENG] Concerned that in situations of poverty women have the least access to food, health, education, training and opportunities for employment and other needs,

[CHI] 关心到在贫穷情况下，妇女在获得粮食、保健、教育、培训、就业和其他需要等方面，往往机会最少， [~]

[ENG] Convinced that the establishment of the new international economic order based on equity and justice will contribute significantly towards the promotion of equality between men and women,

[CHI] 深信基于平等和正义的新的国际经济秩序的建立，将大有助于促进男女平等， [~]

[ENG] Emphasizing that the eradication of apartheid, all forms of racism, racial discrimination, colonialism, neo-colonialism, aggression, foreign occupation and domination and interference in the internal affairs of States is essential to the full enjoyment of the rights of men and women,

[CHI] 强调彻底消除种族隔离、一切形式的种族主义、种族歧视、新老殖民主义、外国侵略、外国占领和外国统治、对别国内政的干预，对于男女充分享受其权利是必不可少的， [~]

[ENG] Affirming that the strengthening of international peace and security, the relaxation of international tension, mutual co-operation among all States irrespective of their social and economic systems, general and complete disarmament, in particular nuclear disarmament under strict and effective international control, the affirmation of the principles of justice, equality and mutual benefit in relations among countries and the realization of the right of peoples under alien and colonial domination and foreign occupation to self-determination and independence, as well as respect for national sovereignty and territorial integrity, will promote social progress and development and as a consequence will contribute to the attainment of full equality between men and women,

[CHI] 确认国际和平与安全的加强，国际紧张局势的缓和，各国不论其社会和经济制度如何彼此之间的相互合作，在严格有效的国际管制下全面彻底裁军、特别是核裁军， 国与国之间关系上正义、平等和互利原则的确认，在外国和殖民统治下和外国占领下的人民取得自决与独立权利的实现，以及对各国国家主权和领土完整的尊重，都 将会促进社会进步和发展，从而有助于实现男女的完全平等， [~]

[ENG] Convinced that the full and complete development of a country, the welfare of the world and the cause of peace require the maximum participation of women on equal terms with men in all fields,

[CHI] 确信一国的充分和完全的发展，世界人民的福利以及和平的事业，需要妇女与男子平等充分参加所有各方面的工作， [~]

[ENG] Bearing in mind the great contribution of women to the welfare of the family and to the development of society, so far not fully recognized, the social significance of maternity and the role of both parents in the family and in the upbringing of children, and aware that the role of women in procreation should not be a basis for discrimination but that the upbringing of children requires a sharing of responsibility between men and women and society as a whole,

[CHI] 念及妇女对家庭的福利和社会的发展所作出的巨大贡献至今没有充分受到公认，又念及母性的社会意义以及父母在家庭中和在养育子女方面所起的作用，并理解到妇女不应因生育而受到歧视，因为养育子女是男女和整个社会的共同责任， [~]

[ENG] Aware that a change in the traditional role of men as well as the role of women in society and in the family is needed to achieve full equality between men and women,

[CHI] 认识到为了实现男女完全平等需要同时改变男子和妇女在社会上和家庭中的传统任务， [~]

[ENG] Determined to implement the principles set forth in the Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and, for that purpose, to adopt the measures required for the elimination of such discrimination in all its forms and manifestations,

[CHI] 决心执行《消除对妇女歧视宣言》内载的各项原则，并为此目的，采取一切必要措施，消除这种歧视的一切形式及现象， [~]

[ENG] Have agreed on the following:

[CHI] 兹协议如下： [~]

[ENG] PART I

[CHI] 第 一 部 分 [~]

[ENG] Article I

[CHI] 第 一 条 [~]

[ENG] For the purposes of the present Convention, the term "discrimination against women" shall mean any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.

[CHI] 在本公约中，“对妇女的歧视”一词指基于性别而作的任何区别、排斥或限制，其影响或其目的均足以妨碍或否认妇女不论已婚未婚在男女平等的基础上认识、享有或行使在政治、经济、社会、文化、公民或任何其他方面的人权和基本自由。 [~]

[ENG] Article 2

[CHI] 第 二 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties condemn discrimination against women in all its forms, agree to pursue by all appropriate means and without delay a policy of eliminating discrimination against women and, to this end, undertake:

[CHI] 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行消除对妇女歧视的政策。 为此目的，承担： [~]

[ENG] (a) To embody the principle of the equality of men and women in their national constitutions or other appropriate legislation if not yet incorporated therein and to ensure, through law and other appropriate means, the practical realization of this principle;

[CHI] 男女平等的原则如尚未列入本国宪法或其他有关法律者，应将其列入，并以法律或其他适当方法，保证实现这项原则； [~]

[ENG] (b) To adopt appropriate legislative and other measures, including sanctions where appropriate, prohibiting all discrimination against women;

[CHI] 采取适当立法和其他措施，包括在适当情况下实行制裁，以禁止对妇女的一切歧视； [~]

[ENG] (c) To establish legal protection of the rights of women on an equal basis with men and to ensure through competent national tribunals and other public institutions the effective protection of women against any act of discrimination;

[CHI] 为妇女确立与男子平等权利的法律保护，通过各国的主管法庭及其他公共机构，保证切实保护妇女不受任何歧视； [~]

[ENG] (d) To refrain from engaging in any act or practice of discrimination against women and to ensure that public authorities and institutions shall act in conformity with this obligation;

[CHI] 不采取任何歧视妇女的行为或做法，并保证政府当局和公共机构的行动都不违背这项义务； [~]

[ENG] (e) To take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women by any person, organization or enterprise;

[CHI] 采取一切适当措施，消除任何个人、组织或企业对妇女的歧视； [~]

[ENG] (f) To take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to modify or abolish existing laws, regulations, customs and practices which constitute discrimination against women;

[CHI] 采取一切适当措施，包括制定法律，以修改或废除构成对妇女歧视的现行法律、规章、习俗和惯例； [~]

[ENG] (g) To repeal all national penal provisions which constitute discrimination against women.

[CHI] 废止本国刑法内构成对妇女歧视的一切规定。 [~]

[ENG] Article 3

[CHI] 第 三 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties shall take in all fields, in particular in the political, social, economic and cultural fields, all appropriate measures, including legislation, to en sure the full development and advancement of women , for the purpose of guaranteeing them the exercise and enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms on a basis of equality with men.

[CHI] 缔约各国应承担在所有领域，特别是在政治、社会、经济、文化领域，采取一切适当措施，包括制定法律，保证妇女得到充分发展和进步，以确保妇女在与男子平等的基础上，行使和享有人权和基本自由。 [~]

[ENG] Article 4

[CHI] 第 四 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. Adoption by States Parties of temporary special measures aimed at accelerating de facto equality between men and women shall not be considered discrimination as defined in the present Convention, but shall in no way entail as a consequence the maintenance of unequal or separate standards; these measures shall be discontinued when the objectives of equality of opportunity and treatment have been achieved.

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国为加速实现男女事实上的平等而采取的暂行特别措施，不得视为本公约所指的歧视，亦不得因此导致维持不平等的标准或另立标准；这些措施应在男女机会和待遇平等的目的达到之后，停止采用。 [~]

[ENG] 2. Adoption by States Parties of special measures, including those measures contained in the present Convention, aimed at protecting maternity shall not be considered discriminatory.

[CHI] 2. 缔约各国为保护母性而采取的特别措施，包括本公约所列各项措施，不得视为歧视。 [~]

[ENG] Article 5

[CHI] 第 五 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties shall take all appropriate measures:

[CHI] 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施： [~]

[ENG] (a) To modify the social and cultural patterns of conduct of men and women, with a view to achieving the elimination of prejudices and customary and all other practices which are based on the idea of the inferiority or the superiority of either of the sexes or on stereotyped roles for men and women;

[CHI] 改变男女的社会和文化行为模式，以消除基于性别而分尊卑观念或基于男女任务定型所产生的偏见、习俗和一切其他做法； [~]

[ENG] (b) To ensure that family education includes a proper understanding of maternity as a social function and the recognition of the common responsibility of men and women in the upbringing and development of their children, it being understood that the interest of the children is the primordial consideration in all cases.

[CHI] 保证家庭教育应包括正确了解母性的社会功能和确认教养子女是父母的共同责任，当然在任何情况下都应首先考虑子女的利益。 [~]

[ENG] Article 6

[CHI] 第 六 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties shall take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to suppress all forms of traffic in women and exploitation of prostitution of women.

[CHI] 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施，包括制定法律，以禁止一切形式贩卖妇女及意图营利使妇女卖淫的行为。 [~]

[ENG] PART II

[CHI] 第 二 部 分 [~]

[ENG] Article 7

[CHI] 第 七 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the political and public life of the country and, in particular, shall ensure to women, on equal terms with men, the right:

[CHI] 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施，消除在本国政治和公共生活中对妇女的歧视，特别应保证妇女在与男子平等的条件下： [~]

[ENG] (a) To vote in all elections and public referenda and to be eligible for election to all publicly elected bodies;

[CHI] 在一切选举和公民投票中有选举权，并在一切民选机构有被选举权； [~]

[ENG] (b) To participate in the formulation of government policy and the implementation thereof and to hold public office and perform all public functions at all levels of government;

[CHI] 参加政府政策的制订及其执行，并担任各级政府公职，执行一切公务； [~]

[ENG] (c) To participate in non-governmental organizations and associations concerned with the public and political life of the country.

[CHI] 参加有关本国公共和政治生活的非政府组织和协会。 [~]

[ENG] Article 8

[CHI] 第 八 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure to women, on equal terms with men and without any discrimination, the opportunity to represent their Governments at the international level and to participate in the work of international organizations.

[CHI] 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施，保证妇女在与男子平等不受任何歧视的条件下，有机会在国际上代表本国政府和参加各国际组织的工作。 [~]

[ENG] Article 9

[CHI] 第 九 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. States Parties shall grant women equal rights with men to acquire, change or retain their nationality.

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国应给予妇女与男子有取得、改变或保留国籍的同等权利。 [~]

[ENG] They shall ensure in particular that neither marriage to an alien nor change of nationality by the husband during marriage shall automatically change the nationality of the wife, render her stateless or force upon her the nationality of the husband.

[CHI] 缔约各国应特别保证，与外国人结婚或于婚姻存续期间丈夫改变国籍均不当然改变妻子的国籍，使她成为无国籍人，或把丈夫的国籍强加于她。 [~]

[ENG] 2. States Parties shall grant women equal rights with men with respect to the nationality of their children.

[CHI] 2. 缔约各国在关于子女的国籍方面，应给予妇女与男子平等的权利。 [~]

[ENG] PART III

[CHI] 第 三 部 分 [~]

[ENG] Article 10

[CHI] 第 十 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in order to ensure to them equal rights with men in the field of education and in particular to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women:

[CHI] 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除对妇女的歧视，以保证妇女在教育方面享有与男子平等的权利，特别是在男女平等的基础上保证： [~]

[ENG] (a) The same conditions for career and vocational guidance, for access to studies and for the achievement of diplomas in educational establishments of all categories in rural as well as in urban areas; this equality shall be ensured in pre-school, general, technical, professional and higher technical education, as well as in all types of vocational training;

[CHI] 在各类教育机构，不论其在城市或农村，在专业和职业辅导、取得学习机会和文凭等方面都有相同的条件。 在学前教育、普通教育、技术、专业和高等技术教育以及各种职业培训方面，都应保证这种平等； [~]

[ENG] (b) Access to the same curricula, the same examinations, teaching staff with qualifications of the same standard and school premises and equipment of the same quality;

[CHI] 课程、考试、师资的标准、校舍和设备的质量一律相同； [~]

[ENG] (c) The elimination of any stereotyped concept of the roles of men and women at all levels and in all forms of education by encouraging coeducation and other types of education which will help to achieve this aim and, in particular, by the revision of textbooks and school programmes and the adaptation of teaching methods;

[CHI] 为消除在各级和各种方式的教育中对男女任务的任何定型观念，应鼓励实行男女同校和其他有助于实现这个目的的教育形式，并特别应修订教科书和课程以及相应地修改教学方法； [~]

[ENG] (d ) The same opportunities to benefit from scholarships and other study grants;

[CHI] 领受奖学金和其他研究补助金的机会相同； [~]

[ENG] (e) The same opportunities for access to programmes of continuing education, including adult and functional literacy programmes, particulary those aimed at reducing, at the earliest possible time, any gap in education existing between men and women;

[CHI] 接受成人教育、包括成人识字和实用读写能力的教育的机会相同，特别是为了尽早缩短男女之间存在的教育水平上的一切差距； [~]

[ENG] (f) The reduction of female student drop-out rates and the organization of programmes for girls and women who have left school prematurely;

[CHI] 减少女生退学率，并为离校过早的少女和妇女安排各种方案； [~]

[ENG] (g) The same Opportunities to participate actively in sports and physical education;

[CHI] 积极参加运动和体育的机会相同； [~]

[ENG] (h) Access to specific educational information to help to ensure the health and well-being of families, including information and advice on family planning.

[CHI] 有接受特殊知识辅导的机会，以有助于保障家庭健康和幸福，包括关于计划生育的知识和辅导在内。 [~]

[ENG] Article 11

[CHI] 第 十一 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of employment in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, the same rights, in particular:

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施，消除在就业方面对妇女的歧视，以保证她们在男女平等的基础上享有相同权利，特别是： [~]

[ENG] (a) The right to work as an inalienable right of all human beings;

[CHI] 人人有不可剥夺的工作权利； [~]

[ENG] (b) The right to the same employment opportunities, including the application of the same criteria for selection in matters of employment;

[CHI] 享有相同就业机会的权利，包括在就业方面相同的甄选标准； [~]

[ENG] (c) The right to free choice of profession and employment, the right to promotion, job security and all benefits and conditions of service and the right to receive vocational training and retraining, including apprenticeships, advanced vocational training and recurrent training;

[CHI] 享有自由选择专业和职业，提升和工作保障，一切服务的福利和条件，接受职业培训和进修，包括实习培训、高等职业培训和经常性培训的权利； [~]

[ENG] (d) The right to equal remuneration, including benefits, and to equal treatment in respect of work of equal value, as well as equality of treatment in the evaluation of the quality of work;

[CHI] 同等价值的工作享有同等报酬包括福利和享有平等待遇的权利，在评定工作的表现方面，也享有平等待遇的权利； [~]

[ENG] (e) The right to social security, particularly in cases of retirement, unemployment, sickness, invalidity and old age and other incapacity to work, as well as the right to paid leave;

[CHI] 享有社会保障的权利，特别是在退休、失业、疾病、残废和老年或在其他丧失工作能力的情况下，以及享有带薪度假的权利； [~]

[ENG] (f) The right to protection of health and to safety in working conditions, including the safeguarding of the function of reproduction.

[CHI] 在工作条件方面享有健康和安全保障，包括保障生育机能的权利。 [~]

[ENG] 2. In order to prevent discrimination against women on the grounds of marriage or maternity and to ensure their effective right to work, States Parties shall take appropriate measures:

[CHI] 2. 缔约各国为使妇女不致因结婚或生育而受歧视，又为保障其有效的工作权利起见，应采取适当措施： [~]

[ENG] (a) To prohibit, subject to the imposition of sanctions, dismissal on the grounds of pregnancy or of maternity leave and discrimination in dismissals on the basis of marital status;

[CHI] 禁止以怀孕或产假为理由予以解雇，以及以婚姻状况为理由予以解雇的歧视，违反规定者予以制裁； [~]

[ENG] (b) To introduce maternity leave with pay or with comparable social benefits without loss of former employment, seniority or social allowances;

[CHI] 实施带薪产假或具有同等社会福利的产假，而不丧失原有工作、年资或社会津贴； [~]

[ENG] (c) To encourage the provision of the necessary supporting social services to enable parents to combine family obligations with work responsibilities and participation in public life, in particular through promoting the establishment and development of a network of child-care facilities;

[CHI] 鼓励提供必要的辅助性社会服务，特别是通过促进建立和发展托儿设施系统，使父母得以兼顾家庭义务和工作责任并参与公共事务； [~]

[ENG] (d) To provide special protection to women during pregnancy in types of work proved to be harmful to them.

[CHI] 对于怀孕期间从事确实有害于健康的工种的妇女，给予特别保护。 [~]

[ENG] 3. Protective legislation relating to matters covered in this article shall be reviewed periodically in the light of scientific and technological knowledge and shall be revised, repealed or extended as necessary.

[CHI] 3. 应根据科技知识，定期审查与本条所包涵的内容有关的保护性法律，必要时应加以修订、废止或推广。 [~]

[ENG] Article 12

[CHI] 第 十二 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of health care in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, access to health care services, including those related to family planning.

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除在保健方面对妇女的歧视，保证她们在男女平等的基础上取得各种包括有关计划生育的保健服务。 [~]

[ENG] 2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph I of this article, States Parties shall ensure to women appropriate services in connection with pregnancy, confinement and the post-natal period, granting free services where necessary, as well as adequate nutrition during pregnancy and lactation.

[CHI] 2. 尽管有本条第1款的规定，缔约各国应保证为妇女提供有关怀孕、分娩和产后期间的适当服务，必要时予以免费，并保证在怀孕和哺乳期间得到充分营养。 [~]

[ENG] Article 13

[CHI] 第 十三 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in other areas of economic and social life in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, the same rights, in particular:

[CHI] 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除在经济和社会生活的其他方面对妇女的歧视，保证她们在男女平等的基础上有相同权利，特别是： [~]

[ENG] (a) The right to family benefits;

[CHI] 领取家属津贴的权利； [~]

[ENG] (b) The right to bank loans, mortgages and other forms of financial credit;

[CHI] 银行贷款、抵押和其他形式的金融信贷的权利； [~]

[ENG] (c) The right to participate in recreational activities, sports and all aspects of cultural life.

[CHI] 参与娱乐生活、运动和文化生活各个方面的权利。 [~]

[ENG] Article 14

[CHI] 第 十四 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. States Parties shall take into account the particular problems faced by rural women and the significant roles which rural women play in the economic survival of their families, including their work in the non-monetized sectors of the economy, and shall take all appropriate measures to ensure the application of the provisions of the present Convention to women in rural areas.

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国应考虑到农村妇女面临的特殊问题和她们对家庭生计包括她们在经济体系中非商品化部门的工作方面所发挥的重要作用，并应采取一切适当措施，保证对农村妇女适用本公约的各项规定。 [~]

[ENG] 2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in rural areas in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, that they participate in and benefit from rural development and, in particular, shall ensure to such women the right:

[CHI] 2. 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除对农村妇女的歧视，保证她们在男女平等的基础上参与农村发展并受其益惠，尤其是保证她们有权： [~]

[ENG] (a) To participate in the elaboration and implementation of development planning at all levels;

[CHI] 参与各级发展规划的拟订和执行工作； [~]

[ENG] (b) To have access to adequate health care facilities, including information, counselling and services in family planning;

[CHI] 利用充分的保健设施，包括计划生育方面的知识、辅导和服务； [~]

[ENG] (c) To benefit directly from social security programmes;

[CHI] 从社会保障方案直接受益； [~]

[ENG] (d) To obtain all types of training and education, formal and non-formal, including that relating to functional literacy, as well as, inter alia, the benefit of all community and extension services, in order to increase their technical proficiency;

[CHI] 接受各种正式和非正式的培训和教育，包括有关实用读写能力的培训和教育在内，以及除了别的以外，享受一切社区服务和推广服务的益惠，以提高她们的技术熟练程度； [~]

[ENG] (e) To organize self-help groups and co-operatives in order to obtain equal access to economic opportunities through employment or self employment;

[CHI] 组织自助团体和合作社，以通过受雇和自营职业的途径取得平等的经济机会； [~]

[ENG] (f) To participate in all community activities;

[CHI] 参加一切社区活动； [~]

[ENG] (g) To have access to agricultural credit and loans, marketing facilities, appropriate technology and equal treatment in land and agrarian reform as well as in land resettlement schemes;

[CHI] 有机会取得农业信贷，利用销售设施，获得适当技术，并在土地改革和土地垦殖计划方面享有平等待遇； [~]

[ENG] (h) To enjoy adequate living conditions, particularly in relation to housing, sanitation, electricity and water supply, transport and communications.

[CHI] 享受适当的生活条件，特别是在住房、卫生、水电供应、交通和通讯等方面。 [~]

[ENG] PART IV

[CHI] 第 四 部 分 [~]

[ENG] Article 15

[CHI] 第 十五 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. States Parties shall accord to women equality with men before the law.

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国应给予男女在法律面前平等的地位。 [~]

[ENG] 2. States Parties shall accord to women, in civil matters, a legal capacity identical to that of men and the same opportunities to exercise that capacity.

[CHI] 2. 缔约各国应在公民事务上，给予妇女与男子同等的法律行为能力，以及行使这种行为能力的相同机会。 [~]

[ENG] In particular, they shall give women equal rights to conclude contracts and to administer property and shall treat them equally in all stages of procedure in courts and tribunals.

[CHI] 特别应给予妇女签订合同和管理财产的平等权利，并在法院和法庭诉讼的各个阶段给予平等待遇。 [~]

[ENG] 3. States Parties agree that all contracts and all other private instruments of any kind with a legal effect which is directed at restricting the legal capacity of women shall be deemed null and void.

[CHI] 3. 缔约各国同意，旨在限制妇女法律行为能力的所有合同和其他任何具有法律效力的私人文件，应一律视为无效。 [~]

[ENG] 4. States Parties shall accord to men and women the same rights with regard to the law relating to the movement of persons and the freedom to choose their residence and domicile.

[CHI] 4. 缔约各国在有关人身移动和自由择居的法律方面，应给予男女相同的权利。 [~]

[ENG] Article 16

[CHI] 第 十六 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in all matters relating to marriage and family relations and in particular shall ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women:

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施，消除在有关婚姻和家庭关系的一切事务上对妇女的歧视，并特别应保证妇女在男女平等的基础上： [~]

[ENG] (a) The same right to enter into marriage;

[CHI] 有相同的缔结婚约的权利； [~]

[ENG] (b) The same right freely to choose a spouse and to enter into marriage only with their free and full consent;

[CHI] 有相同的自由选择配偶和非经本人自由表示、完全同意不缔结婚约的权利； [~]

[ENG] (c) The same rights and responsibilities during marriage and at its dissolution;

[CHI] 在婚姻存续期间以及解除婚姻关系时，有相同的权利和义务； [~]

[ENG] (d) The same rights and responsibilities as parents, irrespective of their marital status, in matters relating to their children; in all cases the interests of the children shall be paramount;

[CHI] 不论婚姻状况如何，在有关子女的事务上，作为父母亲有相同的权利和义务。 但在任何情形下，均应以子女的利益为重； [~]

[ENG] (e) The same rights to decide freely and responsibly on the number and spacing of their children and to have access to the information, education and means to enable them to exercise these rights;

[CHI] 有相同的权利自由负责地决定子女人数和生育间隔，并有机会使妇女获得行使这种权利的知识、教育和方法； [~]

[ENG] (f) The same rights and responsibilities with regard to guardianship, wardship, trusteeship and adoption of children, or similar institutions where these concepts exist in national legislation; in all cases the interests of the children shall be paramount;

[CHI] 在监护、看管、受托和收养子女或类似的制度方面，如果国家法规有这些观念的话，有相同的权利和义务。 但在任何情形下，均应以子女的利益为重； [~]

[ENG] (g) The same personal rights as husband and wife, including the right to choose a family name, a profession and an occupation;

[CHI] 夫妻有相同的个人权利，包括选择姓氏、专业和职业的权利； [~]

[ENG] (h) The same rights for both spouses in respect of the ownership, acquisition, management, administration, enjoyment and disposition of property, whether free of charge or for a valuable consideration.

[CHI] 配偶双方在财产的所有、取得、经营、管理、享有、处置方面，不论是无偿的或是收取价值酬报的，都具有相同的权利。 [~]

[ENG] 2. The betrothal and the marriage of a child shall have no legal effect, and all necessary action, including legislation, shall be taken to specify a minimum age for marriage and to make the registration of marriages in an official registry compulsory.

[CHI] 2. 童年订婚和结婚应不具法律效力，并应采取一切必要行动，包括制订法律，规定结婚最低年龄，并规定婚姻必须向正式机构登记。 [~]

[ENG] PART V

[CHI] 第 五 部 分 [~]

[ENG] Article 17

[CHI] 第 十七 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. For the purpose of considering the progress made in the implementation of the present Convention, there shall be established a Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (hereinafter referred to as the Committee) consisting, at the time of entry into force of the Convention, of eighteen and, after ratification of or accession to the Convention by the thirty-fifth State Party, of twenty-three experts of high moral standing and competence in the field covered by the Convention.

[CHI] 1. 为审查执行本公约所取得的进展，应设立一个消除对妇女歧视委员会(以下称委员会)，由在本公约所适用的领域方面德高望重和有能力的专家组成，其人数在本公约开始生效时为十八人，到第三十五个缔约国批准或加入后为二十三人。 [~]

[ENG] The experts shall be elected by States Parties from among their nationals and shall serve in their personal capacity, consideration being given to equitable geographical distribution and to the representation of the different forms of civilization as well as the principal legal systems.

[CHI] 这些专家应由缔约各国自其国民中选出，以个人资格任职，选举时须顾及公平地域分配原则及不同文化形式与各主要法系的代表性。 [~]

[ENG] 2. The members of the Committee shall be elected by secret ballot from a list of persons nominated by States Parties.

[CHI] 2. 委员会委员应以无记名投票方式自缔约各国提名的名单中选出。 [~]

[ENG] Each State Party may nominate one person from among its own nationals.

[CHI] 每一缔约国得自本国国民中提名一人候选。 [~]

[ENG] 3. The initial election shall be held six months after the date of the entry into force of the present Convention.

[CHI] 3. 第一次选举应自本公约生效之日起六个月后举行。 [~]

[ENG] At least three months before the date of each election the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall address a letter to the States Parties inviting them to submit their nominations within two months.

[CHI] 联合国秘书长应于每次举行选举之日至少三个月前函请缔约各国于两个月内提出其所提名之人的姓名。 [~]

[ENG] The Secretary-General shall prepare a list in alphabetical order of all persons thus nominated, indicating the States Parties which have nominated them, and shall submit it to the States Parties.

[CHI] 秘书长应将所有如此提名的人员依字母顺序，编成名单，注明推荐此等人员的缔约国，分送缔约各国。 [~]

[ENG] 4. Elections of the members of the Committee shall be held at a meeting of States Parties convened by the Secretary-General at United Nations Headquarters.

[CHI] 4. 委员会委员的选举应在秘书长于联合总部召开的缔约国会议中举行。 [~]

[ENG] At that meeting, for which two thirds of the States Parties shall constitute a quorum, the persons elected to the Committee shall be those nominees who obtain the largest number of votes and an absolute majority of the votes of the representatives of States Parties present and voting.

[CHI] 该会议以三分之二缔约国为法定人数，凡得票最多且占出席及投票缔约国代表绝对多数票者当选为委员会委员。 [~]

[ENG] 5. The members of the Committee shall be elected for a term of four years.

[CHI] 5. 委员会委员任期四年。 [~]

[ENG] However, the terms of nine of the members elected at the first election shall expire at the end of two years; immediately after the first election the names of these nine members shall be chosen by lot by the Chairman of the Committee.

[CHI] 但第一次选举产生的委员中，九人的任期应于两年终了时届满，第一次选举后，此九人的姓名应立即由委员会主席抽签决定。 [~]

[ENG] 6. The election of the five additional members of the Committee shall be held in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of this article, following the thirty-fifth ratification or accession. The terms of two of the additional members elected on this occasion shall expire at the end of two years, the names of these two members having been chosen by lot by the Chairman of the Committee.

[CHI] 6. 在第三十五个国家批准或加入本公约后，委员会将按照本条第2、3、4款增选五名委员，其中两名委员任期为两年，其名单由委员会主席抽签决定。 [~]

[ENG] 7. For the filling of casual vacancies, the State Party whose expert has ceased to function as a member of the Committee shall appoint another expert from among its nationals, subject to the approval of the Committee.

[CHI] 7. 临时出缺时，其专家不复担任委员会委员的缔约国，应自其国民中指派另一专家，经委员会核可后，填补遗缺。 [~]

[ENG] 8. The members of the Committee shall, with the approval of the General Assembly, receive emoluments from United Nations resources on such terms and conditions as the Assembly may decide, having regard to the importance of the Committee's responsibilities.

[CHI] 8. 委员会委员经联合国大会批准后，鉴于其对委员会责任的重要性，应从联合国资源中按照大会可能决定的规定和条件取得报酬。 [~]

[ENG] 9. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall provide the necessary staff and facilities for the effective performance of the functions of the Committee under the present Convention.

[CHI] 9. 联合国秘书长应提供必需的工作人员和设备，以便委员会按本公约规定有效地履行其职务。 [~]

[ENG] Article 18

[CHI] 第 十八 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. States Parties undertake to submit to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, for consideration by the Committee, a report on the legislative, judicial, administrative or other measures which they have adopted to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention and on the progress made in this respect:

[CHI] 1. 缔约各国应就本国实行本公约各项规定所采取的立法、司法、行政或其他措施以及所取得的进展，向联合国秘书长提出报告，供委员会审议： [~]

[ENG] (a) Within one year after the entry into force for the State concerned;

[CHI] 在公约对本国生效后一年内提出，并且 [~]

[ENG] (b) Thereafter at least every four years and further whenever the Committee so requests.

[CHI] 自此以后，至少每四年并随时在委员会的请求下提出。 [~]

[ENG] 2. Reports may indicate factors and difficulties affecting the degree of fulfilment of obligations under the present Convention.

[CHI] 2. 报告中得指出影响本公约规定义务的履行的各种因素和困难。 [~]

[ENG] Article 19

[CHI] 第 十九 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. The Committee shall adopt its own rules of procedure.

[CHI] 1. 委员会应自行制订其议事规则。 [~]

[ENG] 2. The Committee shall elect its officers for a term of two years.

[CHI] 2. 委员会应自行选举主席团成员，任期两年。 [~]

[ENG] Article 20

[CHI] 第 二十 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. The Committee shall normally meet for a period of not more than two weeks annually in order to consider the reports submitted in accordance with article 18 of the present Convention.

[CHI] 1. 委员会一般应每年召开为期不超过两星期的会议以审议按照本公约第十八条规定提出的报告。 [~]

[ENG] 2. The meetings of the Committee shall normally be held at United Nations Headquarters or at any other convenient place as determined by the Committee.

[CHI] 2. 委员会会议通常应在联合国总部或在委员会决定的任何其他方便地点举行。 [~]

[ENG] Article 21

[CHI] 第 二十一 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. The Committee shall, through the Economic and Social Council, report annually to the General Assembly of the United Nations on its activities and may make suggestions and general recommendations based on the examination of reports and information received from the States Parties.

[CHI] 1. 委员会应就其活动，通过经济及社会理事会，每年向联合国大会提出报告，并可根据对所收到缔约各国的报告和资料的审查结果，提出意见和一般性建议。 [~]

[ENG] Such suggestions and general recommendations shall be included in the report of the Committee together with comments, if any, from States Parties.

[CHI] 这些意见和一般性建议，应连同缔约各国可能提出的评论载入委员会所提出的报告中。 [~]

[ENG] 2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit the reports of the Committee to the Commission on the Status of Women for its information.

[CHI] 2. 联合国秘书长应将委员会的报告转送妇女地位委员会，供其参考。 [~]

[ENG] Article 22

[CHI] 第 二十二 条 [~]

[ENG] The specialized agencies shall be entitled to be represented at the consideration of the implementation of such provisions of the present Convention as fall within the scope of their activities.

[CHI] 各专门机构对属于其工作范围内的本公约各项规定，有权派代表出席关于其执行情况的审议。 [~]

[ENG] The Committee may invite the specialized agencies to submit reports on the implementation of the Convention in areas falling within the scope of their activities.

[CHI] 委员会可邀请各专门机构就在其工作范围内各个领域对本公约的执行情况提出报告。 [~]

[ENG] PART VI

[CHI] 第 六 部 分 [~]

[ENG] Article 23

[CHI] 第 二十三 条 [~]

[ENG] Nothing in the present Convention shall affect any provisions that are more conducive to the achievement of equality between men and women which may be contained:

[CHI] 如载有对实现男女平等更为有利的任何规定，其效力不得受本公约的任何规定的影响，如： [~]

[ENG] (a) In the legislation of a State Party; or

[CHI] 缔约各国的法律；或 [~]

[ENG] (b) In any other international convention, treaty or agreement in force for that State.

[CHI] 对该国生效的任何其他国际公约、条约或协定。 [~]

[ENG] Article 24

[CHI] 第 二十四 条 [~]

[ENG] States Parties undertake to adopt all necessary measures at the national level aimed at achieving the full realization of the rights recognized in the present Convention.

[CHI] 缔约各国承担在国家一级采取一切必要措施，以充分实现本公约承认的各项权利。 [~]

[ENG] Article 25

[CHI] 第 二十五 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. The present Convention shall be open for signature by all States.

[CHI] 1. 本公约开放给所有国家签署。 [~]

[ENG] 2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is designated as the depositary of the present Convention.

[CHI] 2. 指定联合国秘书长为本公约的保存者。 [~]

[ENG] 3. The present Convention is subject to ratification. Instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

[CHI] 3. 本公约须经批准，批准书交存联合国秘书长。 [~]

[ENG] 4. The present Convention shall be open to accession by all States. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

[CHI] 4. 本公约开放给所有国家加入，加入书交存联合国秘书长后开始生效。 [~]

[ENG] Article 26

[CHI] 第 二十六 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. A request for the revision of the present Convention may be made at any time by any State Party by means of a notification in writing addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

[CHI] 1. 任何缔约国可以随时向联合国秘书长提出书面通知，请求修正本公约。 [~]

[ENG] 2. The General Assembly of the United Nations shall decide upon the steps, if any, to be taken in respect of such a request.

[CHI] 2. 联合国大会对此项请求，应决定所须采取的步骤。 [~]

[ENG] Article 27

[CHI] 第 二十七 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. The present Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit with the Secretary-General of the United Nations of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession.

[CHI] 1. 本公约自第二十份批准书或加入书交存联合国秘书长之日后第三十天开始生效。 [~]

[ENG] 2. For each State ratifying the present Convention or acceding to it after the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of the deposit of its own instrument of ratification or accession.

[CHI] 2. 在第二十份批准书或加入书交存后，本公约对于批准或加入本公约的每一国家，自该国交存其批准书或加入书之日后第三十天开始生效。 [~]

[ENG] Article 28

[CHI] 第 二十八 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall receive and circulate to all States the text of reservations made by States at the time of ratification or accession.

[CHI] 1. 联合国秘书长应接受各国在批准或加入时提出的保留书，并分发给所有国家。 [~]

[ENG] 2. A reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of the present Convention shall not be permitted.

[CHI] 2. 不得提出内容与本公约目的和宗旨抵触的保留。 [~]

[ENG] 3. Reservations may be withdrawn at any time by notification to this effect addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall then inform all States thereof.

[CHI] 3. 缔约国可以随时向联合国秘书长提出通知，请求撤销保留，并由他将此项通知通知各有关国家。 [~]

[ENG] Such notification shall take effect on the date on which it is received.

[CHI] 通知于收到的当日生效。 [~]

[ENG] Article 29

[CHI] 第 二十九 条 [~]

[ENG] 1. Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the present Convention which is not settled by negotiation shall, at the request of one of them, be submitted to arbitration.

[CHI] 1. 两个或两个以上的缔约国之间关于本公约的解释或适用方面的任何争端，如不能谈判解决，经缔约国一方要求，应交付仲裁。 [~]

[ENG] If within six months from the date of the request for arbitration the parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of those parties may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice by request in conformity with the Statute of the Court.

[CHI] 如果自要求仲裁之日起六个月内，当事各方不能就仲裁的组成达成协议，任何一方得依照《国际法院规约》提出请求，将争端提交国际法院审理。 [~]

[ENG] 2. Each State Party may at the time of signature or ratification of the present Convention or accession thereto declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph I of this article. The other States Parties shall not be bound by that paragraph with respect to any State Party which has made such a reservation.

[CHI] 2. 每一个缔约国在签署或批准本公约或加入本公约时，可声明本国不受本条第1款的约束，其他缔约国对于作出这项保留的任何缔约国，也不受该款的约束。 [~]

[ENG] 3. Any State Party which has made a reservation in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article may at any time withdraw that reservation by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

[CHI] 3. 依照本条第2款的规定作出保留的任何缔约国，得随时通知联合国秘书长撤回该项保留。 [~]

[ENG] Article 30

[CHI] 第 三十 条 [~]

[ENG] The present Convention, the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of which are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

[CHI] 本公约的阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文文本具有同等效力，均应交存联合国秘书长。 [~]

[ENG] IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, duly authorized, have signed the present Convention.

[CHI] 下列署名的全权代表，在本公约之末签名，以昭信守。 [~]