CERD/GC/22 CERD_GR_22E.docx (English)	CERD/GC/22 CERD_GR_22C.docx (Chinese)
CERD	CERD
General recommendation XXII on article 5 of the Convention on refugees and displaced persons	第二十二号一般性建议：《公约》关于难民和流离失所者的第五条
Forty-ninth session (1996)	第四十九届会议(1996年)
The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination,	消除种族歧视委员会，
Conscious of the fact that foreign military, non-military and/or ethnic conflicts have resulted in massive flows of refugees and the displacement of persons on the basis of ethnic criteria in many parts of the world,	意识到外国军事、非军事或种族冲突在世界上多处造成了因所属种族而成为难民及流离失所的人大量流亡这一事实，
Considering that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination proclaim that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and that everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set out therein, without distinction of any kind, in particular as to race, colour, descent or national or ethnic origin,	考虑到《世界人权宣言》及《消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约》宣示人皆生而自由，在尊严及权利上均各平等，人人有权享受这些文书所载的一切权利与自由，无分轩轾，尤其不因种族、肤色、世系或民族和人种而分轩轾，
Recalling the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the status of refugees as the main source of the international system for the protection of refugees in general,	回顾1951年《关于难民地位的公约》及其1967年《议定书》是一般保护难民国际体系的主要根据，
1. Draws the attention of States parties to article 5 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination as well as the Committee’s general recommendation XX (48) on article 5, and reiterates that the Convention obliges States parties to prohibit and eliminate racial discrimination in the enjoyment of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights and freedoms;	1. 提请各缔约国注意《消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约》第五条及委员会关于第五条的第二十号一般性建议(第四十八届会议)，并重申该《公约》规定缔约国有义务禁止并消除在享受公民、政治、经济、社会、文化各项权利和自由方面的种族歧视，
2. Emphasizes in this respect that:	2. 在这点上强调：
(a) All such refugees and displaced persons have the right freely to return to their homes of origin under conditions of safety;	一切这种难民和流离失所者均有权自由安全的返回祖国。
(b) States parties are obliged to ensure that the return of such refugees and displaced persons is voluntary and to observe the principle of non-refoulement and non-expulsion of refugees;	缔约国有义务确保这种难民和流离失所者的返回是自愿的，并遵守不驱回、不逐出难民的原则。
(c) All such refugees and displaced persons have, after their return to their homes of origin, the right to have restored to them property of which they were deprived in the course of the conflict and to be compensated appropriately for any such property that cannot be restored to them. Any commitments or statements relating to such property made under duress are null and void;	所有这种难民和流离失所者回到祖国后均有权收回在冲突时被剥夺的财产，不能收回部分应得到适当赔偿，在胁迫下就上述财产作出的一切承诺或声明均属无效。
(d) All such refugees and displaced persons have, after their return to their homes of origin, the right to participate fully and equally in public affairs at all levels and to have equal access to public services and to receive rehabilitation assistance.	所有这种难民和流离失所者返回祖国后，均有权充分而平等地参与各级公共事务，同等有权利用公用事业并接受复原援助。
Contained in document A/51/18.	载于A/51/18号文件。