Template-CAT-Concluding Observation CAT结论性意见E.docx (English)	Template-CAT-Concluding Observation CAT结论性意见C.docx (Chinese)
United Nations	联 合 国
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment	禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道 或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约
Committee against Torture	禁止酷刑委员会
Concluding observations on the initial report of the Niger	关于尼日尔初次报告的结论性意见
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Uzbekistan	关于乌兹别克斯坦第五次定期报告的结论性意见
Concluding observations on the combined fifth and sixth periodic reports of Italy	关于意大利第五和第六次合并定期报告的结论性意见
1.	1.
The Committee against Torture considered the initial report of the Niger (CAT/C/NER/1) at its 1806th and 1809th meetings (see CAT/C/SR.1806 and 1809), held on 26 and 27 November 2019, and adopted the present concluding observations at its 1821st meeting, held on 5 December 2019.	禁止酷刑委员会在2019年11月26日和27日举行的第1806和第1809次会议(见CAT/C/SR.1806和1809)上审议了尼日尔的初次报告(CAT/C/NER/1)，并在2019年12月5日举行的第1821次会议上通过了本结论性意见。
The Committee against Torture considered the fifth periodic report of Uzbekistan (CAT/C/UZB/5) and the State party’s replies to its list of issues (CAT/C/UZB/Q/5/Add.1) at its 1786th and 1789th meetings (see CAT/C/SR.1786 and 1789), held on 12 and 13 November 2019, and adopted the present concluding observations at its 1809th meeting (CAT/C/SR.1809), held on 28 November 2019.	禁止酷刑委员会在2019年11月12日和13日举行的第1786和第1789次会议(见CAT/C/SR.1786和1789)上审议了乌兹别克斯坦的第五次定期报告(CAT/ C/UZB/5)和缔约国对问题清单的答复(CAT/C/UZB/Q/5/Add.1)，并在2019年11月28日举行的第1809次会议上通过了本结论性意见(CAT/C/SR.1809)。
The Committee against Torture considered the combined fifth and sixth periodic reports of Italy (CAT/C/ITA/5-6) at its 1582nd and 1585th meetings (see CAT/C/SR.1582 and 1585), held on 14 and 15 November 2017, and adopted the present concluding observations at its 1605th and 1606th meetings, held on 29 and 30 November 2017.	禁止酷刑委员会在2017年11月14日和15日举行的第1582和第1585次会议(见CAT/C/SR.1582和CAT/C/SR.1585)上审议了意大利的第五和第六次合并定期报告(CAT/C/ITA/5-6))，并在2017年11月29日和30日举行的第1605和第1606次会议上通过了本结论性意见。
A.	A.
Introduction	导言
2.	2.
The Committee appreciates having had the opportunity to engage in a constructive dialogue with the State party’s delegation, and the responses provided to the questions and concerns raised during the consideration of the report.	委员会赞赏有机会与缔约国代表团进行建设性对话，并感谢代表团就审议报告期间提出的问题与关注作出回复。
B.	B.
Positive aspects	积极方面
3.	3.
The Committee welcomes the ratification of or accession to the following international instruments by the State party:	委员会欢迎缔约国批准或加入以下国际文书：
(a)	(a)
The International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, on 8 October 2015;	《保护所有人免遭强迫失踪国际公约》，2015年10月8日；
(b)	(b)
The Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, on 3 April 2013.	《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约任择议定书》，2013年4月3日。
4.	4.
The Committee also welcomes the following legislative measures taken by the State party in areas of relevance to the Convention.	委员会还欢迎缔约国在《公约》相关领域采取以下立法措施。
The Committee welcomes the State party’s initiatives to revise its legislation in areas of relevance to the Convention.	委员会欢迎缔约国修订《公约》相关领域立法的举措。
C.	C.
Principal subjects of concern and recommendations	关注的主要问题及建议
Pending follow-up issues from the previous reporting cycle	上一报告周期遗留的后续行动问题
Definition of torture	酷刑定义
Definition and criminalization of torture	酷刑定义和刑罪化
Statute of limitations	诉讼时效
National human rights institution	国家人权机构
Fundamental safeguards	基本保障
Fundamental legal safeguards	基本法律保障
Domestic violence	家庭暴力
Trafficking in human beings	贩运人口
Inadmissibility of confessions obtained under torture	不接受通过酷刑取得的供词
Pretrial detention	审前拘留
Non-refoulement	不推回
5.	5.
The State party should ensure full respect for the principle of non-refoulement enshrined in its legislation and in article 3 of the Convention, and therefore refrain from expelling, returning or extraditing a person to another State where there are substantial grounds to believe that he or she would be in danger of being subjected to torture or ill-treatment.	缔约国应确保充分尊重本国法律和《公约》第3条规定的不推回原则，因此避免将一个人驱逐、遣返或引渡到有充分理由相信此人将有遭受酷刑或虐待危险的另一国家。
Detention pending deportation	驱逐出境前的拘留
Conditions of detention	拘留条件
Solitary confinement	单独监禁
Incommunicado detention Deaths in custody	隔离拘留 羁押期间死亡
Excessive use of force	过度使用武力
Investigations and prosecutions	调查和起诉
Prompt, thorough and impartial investigations	迅速、彻底和公正的调查
6.	6.
The Committee urges the State party to:	委员会促请缔约国：
(a)	(a)
Ensure that all complaints of torture and ill-treatment are promptly investigated in an impartial manner by an independent body, that there is no institutional or hierarchical relationship between that body’s investigators and the suspected perpetrators of such acts, and that the suspected perpetrators are duly tried and, if found guilty, punished in a manner that is commensurate with the gravity of their acts;	确保由独立机构及时、公正调查所有酷刑或虐待指控，调查机构的调查人员与涉嫌实施此类行为的人员之间不应存在机构联系或隶属关系；应按正当程序对嫌犯进行审判，如果被判有罪，则按行为严重程度予以惩治；
(b)	(b)
Ensure that the authorities launch investigations whenever there are reasonable grounds to believe that an act of torture or ill-treatment has been committed;	确保凡有合理理由相信发生了酷刑或虐待行为时，当局应启动调查；
(c)	(c)
Ensure that, in cases of alleged torture and/or ill-treatment, suspected perpetrators are suspended from duty immediately for the duration of the investigation, particularly when there is a risk that they might otherwise be in a position to repeat the alleged act, commit reprisals against the alleged victim or obstruct the investigation;	确保在调查期间，立即暂停被指控犯有酷刑和（或）虐待嫌疑人员的职务，特别是在他们不停职便有可能再犯所控行为、报复据称受害者或阻碍调查的情况下；
(d)	(d)
Compile disaggregated statistical information relevant to the monitoring of the Convention, including data on complaints, investigations, prosecutions and convictions in cases of torture and ill-treatment.	汇编与《公约》监测有关的分类统计资料，包括酷刑和虐待案件的投诉、调查、起诉和定罪数据。
National mechanism for the prevention of torture	国家预防酷刑机制
Independent monitoring of places of detention	对拘留场所的独立监测
Counter-terrorism measures and state of emergency	反恐措施和紧急状态
Training on the provisions of the Convention	关于《公约》条款的培训
Redress, including compensation and rehabilitation	补救措施，包括赔偿和复原
7.	7.
The State party should ensure that all victims of torture and ill-treatment obtain redress, including an enforceable right to fair and adequate compensation and the means for as full a rehabilitation as possible.	缔约国应确保所有酷刑和虐待受害者都能够获得补救，包括享有获得公平和充分赔偿的强制执行权利，以及尽量使其完全复原。
The Committee draws the State party’s attention to its general comment No. 3 (2012) on the implementation of article 14 by States parties, in which it elaborates on the nature and scope of the obligations of States parties under article 14 of the Convention to provide full redress to victims of torture.	委员会提请缔约国注意关于缔约国对第14条的执行的第3号一般性意见(2012年)，其中阐述了《公约》第14条下缔约国向酷刑受害者提供全面补救的义务的性质和范围。
The State party should also provide the Committee with information on redress and on compensation measures, including means of rehabilitation, ordered by the courts or other State bodies and actually provided to victims of torture or ill-treatment.	缔约国还应向委员会提供资料，说明法院或其他国家机构下令采取和已向酷刑或虐待受害者实际提供的补救和补偿措施，包括复原措施。
Data collection	数据收集
8.	8.
The Committee regrets the absence of comprehensive and disaggregated data on complaints, investigations, prosecutions and convictions in cases of torture and ill-treatment by law enforcement, security, military and prison personnel.	委员会感到遗憾的是，报告中没有对执法部门、安全部门、军队和监狱工作人员实施酷刑和虐待案件进行投诉、调查、起诉和定罪的综合和分类数据。
9.	9.
The State party should compile statistical data relevant to the monitoring of the implementation of the Convention at the national level, including data on complaints, investigations, prosecutions and convictions related to cases of torture and ill-treatment, as well as on means of redress, including compensation and rehabilitation, provided to the victims.	缔约国应汇编监测国家执行《公约》情况的统计数据，包括对酷刑和虐待案件进行投诉、调查、起诉和定罪的数据，以及向受害者提供补救手段（包括赔偿和复原）的数据。
Follow-up procedure	后续程序
10.	10.
The Committee requests the State party to provide, by 6 December 2018, information on follow-up to the Committee’s recommendations on the monitoring of immigration detention facilities and on the investigation and prosecution of instances of police brutality or excessive use of force (see paragraphs 27 and 39 above).	委员会请缔约国在2018年12月6日前提供资料，说明就委员会关于监督移民拘留中心、调查和起诉警察暴力或过度使用武力情况所提建议的后续工作(见上文第27和第39段)。
In that context, the State party is invited to inform the Committee about its plans for implementing, within the coming reporting period, some or all of the remaining recommendations in the concluding observations.	在这方面，还请缔约国向委员会通报计划在下一报告周期内如何落实结论性意见中其余的部分建议或全部建议。
Other issues	其他问题
11.	11.
The Committee encourages the State party to consider making the declarations under article 22 of the Convention recognizing the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications from individuals subject to its jurisdiction.	委员会鼓励缔约国考虑根据《公约》第22条作出声明，承认委员会有权接受和审议受该国管辖的个人的来文。
12.	12.
The Committee invites the State party to consider ratifying the core United Nations human rights treaties to which it is not yet party.	委员会请缔约国考虑批准其尚未加入的联合国核心人权条约。
The Committee invites the State party to ratify the core United Nations human rights treaties to which it is not yet party.	委员会请缔约国批准其尚未加入的联合国核心人权条约。
13.	13.
The State party is requested to disseminate widely the report submitted to the Committee and the present concluding observations, in appropriate languages, through official websites, the media and non-governmental organizations.	委员会请缔约国通过官方网站、媒体和非政府组织，以相关语言广泛传播提交委员会的报告和本结论性意见。
14.	14.
The Committee requests the State party to submit its next periodic report, which will be its fourth, by 17 May 2023.	委员会请缔约国在2023年5月17日前提交下一次定期报告，即第四次定期报告。
For purpose, and in view of the fact that the State party has agreed to report to the Committee under the simplified reporting procedure, the Committee will, in due course, transmit to the State party a list of issues prior to reporting.	为此，并考虑到缔约国已同意按照简化报告程序向委员会提交报告，委员会将在适当时候向缔约国发送报告前问题清单。
The State party is also invited to submit its common core document in accordance with the requirements contained in the harmonized guidelines on reporting under the international human rights treaties (HRI/GEN.2/Rev.6).	还请缔约国依照《根据国际人权条约提交报告的协调准则》(HRI/GEN.2/Rev.6)的要求，提交共同核心文件。
The Committee invites the State party to submit its next periodic report, which will be its second periodic report, by 6 December 2023.	委员会请缔约国在2023年12月6日前提交下一次定期报告，即第二次定期报告。
To that end, it invites the State party to agree, by 6 December 2020, to avail itself of the simplified reporting procedure in preparing that report.	为此，委员会请缔约国在2020年12月6日前同意利用简化报告程序编写该报告。
Under that procedure, the Committee will transmit to the State party a list of issues prior to reporting.	根据这一程序，委员会将向缔约国发送报告前问题清单。
The State party’s replies to that list of issues will constitute its second periodic report under article 19 of the Convention.	缔约国对问题清单的答复将构成其根据《公约》第19条提交的第二次定期报告。
* Adopted by the Committee at its sixty-second session (6 November–6 December 2017).	* 委员会第六十二届会议(2017年11月6日至12月6日)通过。