NPT_Treaty NPT_E.docx (English)	CVN NPT NPT_C.docx (Chinese)
TREATY ON THE NON-PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS (NPT)	不扩散核武器条约
http://www.fas.org/nuke/control/npt/text/npt2.htm
The States concluding this Treaty, hereinafter referred to as the Parties to the Treaty,	本条约各缔约国（以下称“各缔约国”)，
Considering the devastation that would be visited upon all mankind by a nuclear war and the consequent need to make every effort to avert the danger of such a war and to take measures to safeguard the security of peoples,	考虑到一场核战争将使全人类遭受浩劫，因而需要竭尽全力避免发生这种战争的危险并采取措施以保障各国人民的安全，
Believing that the proliferation of nuclear weapons would seriously enhance the danger of nuclear war,	认为扩散核武器将使发生核战争的危险严重增加，
In conformity with resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly calling for the conclusion of an agreement on the prevention of wider dissemination of nuclear weapons,	根据联合国大会要求缔结一项防止更广泛地扩散核武器的协定的各项决议，
Undertaking to cooperate in facilitating the application of International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards on peaceful nuclear activities,	承诺进行合作为应用国际原子能机构对和平核活动的各种保障措施提供便利，
Expressing their support for research, development and other efforts to further the application, within the framework of the International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards system, of the principle of safeguarding effectively the flow of source and special fissionable materials by use of instruments and other techniques at certain strategic points,	表示支持进行研究、发展和其他努力，以促进在国际原子能机构保障制度范围内应用下述原则，即通过在一定战略地点使用仪器和其他技术有效地保障原料和特殊裂变物质的流动，
Affirming the principle that the benefits of peaceful applications of nuclear technology, including any technological by-products which may be derived by nuclear-weapon States from the development of nuclear explosive devices, should be available for peaceful purposes to all Parties of the Treaty, whether nuclear-weapon or non-nuclear weapon States,	确认下述原则：一切缔约国，不论是有核武器国家或无核武器国家，均能为和平目的而获得和平应用核技术的利益，包括有核武器国家由于发展核爆炸装置而可能得到的任何技术副产品，
Convinced that, in furtherance of this principle, all Parties to the Treaty are entitled to participate in the fullest possible exchange of scientific information for, and to contribute alone or in cooperation with other States to, the further development of the applications of atomic energy for peaceful purposes,	深信在促进此项原则时，所有缔约国均有权参加尽可能充分的科学情报交换，以促进为和平目的而应用原子能的发展，并且单独地或与其他国家合作，对促进这种发展作出贡献，
Declaring their intention to achieve at the earliest possible date the cessation of the nuclear arms race and to undertake effective measures in the direction of nuclear disarmament,	宣布它们的意图是尽早实现停止核军备竞赛和着手采取以核裁军为目标的有效措施，
Urging the cooperation of all States in the attainment of this objective,	敦促所有国家为达列这个目标而进行合作，
Recalling the determination expressed by the Parties to the 1963 Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water in its Preamble to seek to achieve the discontinuance of all test explosions of nuclear weapons for all time and to continue negotiations to this end,	回顾到一九六三年禁止在大气层、外层空间和水下进行核武器试验条约的各缔约国在该条约序言中所表示的谋求达到永远停止一切核武器爆炸试验并为此目的继续进行谈判的决心，
Desiring to further the easing of international tension and the strengthening of trust between States in order to facilitate the cessation of the manufacture of nuclear weapons, the liquidation of all their existing stockpiles, and the elimination from national arsenals of nuclear weapons and the means of their delivery pursuant to a Treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control,	愿意促进国际紧张局势的缓和以及各国间信任的加强，以利于按照在严格和有效的国际监督下的全面彻底裁军条约停止制造核武器、清除其现有全部储存并从国家武库中取消核武器及其运载工具，
Recalling that, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, States must refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations, and that the establishment and maintenance of international peace and security are to be promoted with the least diversion for armaments of the worlds human and economic resources,	回顾到按照联合国宪章，各国在其国际关系中不得使用武力威胁或使用武力，或以不符合联合国宗旨的任何其他方法侵犯任何国家的领土完整或政治独立，并且回顾到要尽量减少把世界人力及经济资源用于军备，以促进国际和平与安全的建立与维护，
Have agreed as follows:	议定条款如下：
Article I	第一条
Each nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty undertakes not to transfer to any recipient whatsoever nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or control over such weapons or explosive devices directly, or indirectly;	每个有核武器的缔约国承诺不直接或间接向任何接受国转让核武器或其他核爆炸装置或对这种武器或爆炸装置的控制权；
and not in any way to assist, encourage, or induce any non-nuclear weapon State to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, or control over such weapons or explosive devices.	并不以任何方式协助、鼓励或引导任何无核武器国家制造或以其他方式取得核武器或其他核爆炸装置或对这种武器或爆炸装置的控制权。
Article II	第二条
Each non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty undertakes not to receive the transfer from any transferor whatsoever of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or of control over such weapons or explosive devices directly, or indirectly;	每个无核武器的缔约国承诺不直接或间接从任何让与国接受核武器或其他核爆炸装置或对这种武器或爆炸装置的控制权的转让；
not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices;	不制造或以其他方式取得核武器或其他核爆炸装置；
and not to seek or receive any assistance in the manufacture of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.	也不寻求或接受在制造核武器或其他核爆炸装置方面的任何协助。
Article III	第三条
1.	1．
Each non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty undertakes to accept safeguards, as set forth in an agreement to be negotiated and concluded with the International Atomic Energy Agency in accordance with the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the Agencys safeguards system, for the exclusive purpose of verification of the fulfillment of its obligations assumed under this Treaty with a view to preventing diversion of nuclear energy from peaceful uses to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.	每个无核武器的缔约国承诺接受按照国际原子能机构规约及该机构的保障制度与该机构谈判缔结的协定中所规定的各项保障措施，其目的专为核查本国根据本条约所承担的义务的履行情况，以防止将核能从和平用途转用于核武器或其池核爆炸装置。
Procedures for the safeguards required by this article shall be followed with respect to source or special fissionable material whether it is being produced, processed or used in any principal nuclear facility or is outside any such facility.	原料或特殊裂变物质，无论是正在任何主要核设施内生产、处理或使用，或在任何这种设施之外，均应遵从本条所要求的保障措施的程序。
The safeguards required by this article shall be applied to all source or special fissionable material in all peaceful nuclear activities within the territory of such State, under its jurisdiction, or carried out under its control anywhere.	本条所要求的各种保障措施应适用于在该国领上之内、在其管辖之下或在其控制之下的任何地方进行的一切和平核活动中的一切原料或特殊裂变物质。
2.	2．
Each State Party to the Treaty undertakes not to provide: (a) source or special fissionable material, or (b) equipment or material especially designed or prepared for the processing, use or production of special fissionable material, to any non-nuclear-weapon State for peaceful purposes, unless the source or special fissionable material shall be subject to the safeguards required by this article.	每个缔约国承诺不将（a）原料或特殊裂变物质，或（b）殊别为处理，使用或生产特殊裂变物质而设计或配备的设备或材料，提供给任何无核武器国家，以用于和平的目的，除非这种原料或特殊裂变物质受本条所要求的各种保障措施的约束。
3.	3．
The safeguards required by this article shall be implemented in a manner designed to comply with article IV of this Treaty, and to avoid hampering the economic or technological development of the Parties or international cooperation in the field of peaceful nuclear activities, including the international exchange of nuclear material and equipment for the processing, use or production of nuclear material for peaceful purposes in accordance with the provisions of this article and the principle of safeguarding set forth in the Preamble of the Treaty.	本条所要求的各种保障措施的实施，应符合本条约第四条，并应避免妨碍各缔约国的经济和技术发展或和平核活动领域中的国际合作，包括按照本条的规定和在本条约序言中阐明的保障原则，为和平日的在国际上交换核材料和处理、使用或生产核材料的设备。
4.	4．
Non-nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty shall conclude agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency to meet the requirements of this article either individually or together with other States in accordance with the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency.	无核武器的缔约国应单独地或会同其他国家，按照国际原子能机构规约与国际原子能机构订立协定，以适应本条的要求。
Negotiation of such agreements shall commence within 180 days from the original entry into force of this Treaty.	这类协定的谈判应自本条约最初生效后一百八十天内开始进行。
For States depositing their instruments of ratification or accession after the 180-day period, negotiation of such agreements shall commence not later than the date of such deposit.	在上述一百八十天期限届满后交存其批准书或加入书的各国，至迟应自交存之日开始进行这类协定的谈判。
Such agreements shall enter into force not later than eighteen months after the date of initiation of negotiations.	这类协定的生效应不迟于谈判开始之日起十八个月。
Article IV	第四条
1.	1．
Nothing in this Treaty shall be interpreted as affecting the inalienable right of all the Parties to the Treaty to develop research, production and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes without discrimination and in conformity with articles I and II of this Treaty.	本条约的任何规定不得解释为影响所有缔约国不受歧视地并按照本条约第一条及第二条的规定开展为和平目的而研究、生产和使用核能的不容剥夺的权利。
2.	2．
All the Parties to the Treaty undertake to facilitate, and have the right to participate in, the fullest possible exchange of equipment, materials and scientific and technological information for the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.	所有缔约国承诺促进并有权参加在最大可能范围内为和平利用核能而交换设备、材料和科学技术情报。
Parties to the Treaty in a position to do so shall also cooperate in contributing alone or together with other States or international organizations to the further development of the applications of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, especially in the territories of non-nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty, with due consideration for the needs of the developing areas of the world.	有条件参加这种交换的各缔约国还应单独地或会同其他国家或国际组织，在进一步发展为和平目的而应用核能方面，特别是在无核武器的各缔约国领土上发展为和平目的应用核能方面，进行合作以作出贡献，对于世界上发展中地区的需要应给予应有的考虑。
Article V	第五条
Each party to the Treaty undertakes to take appropriate measures to ensure that, in accordance with this Treaty, under appropriate international observation and through appropriate international procedures, potential benefits from any peaceful applications of nuclear explosions will be made available to non-nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty on a nondiscriminatory basis and that the charge to such Parties for the explosive devices used will be as low as possible and exclude any charge for research and development.	每个缔约国承诺采取适当措施以保证按照本条约，在适当国际观察下并通过适当国际程序，使无核武器的缔约国能在不受歧视的基础上获得对核爆炸的任何和平应用的潜在利益，对这些缔约国在使用爆炸装置方面的收费应尽可能低廉，并免收研究和发展方面的任何费用。
Non-nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty shall be able to obtain such benefits, pursuant to a special international agreement or agreements, through an appropriate international body with adequate representation of non-nuclear-weapon States.	无核武器的缔约国得根据一项或几项特别国际协定，通过各无核武器国家具有充分代表权的适当国际机构，获得这种利益。
Negotiations on this subject shall commence as soon as possible after the Treaty enters into force.	就此问题的谈判应在条约生效后尽速开始进行。
Non-nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty so desiring may also obtain such benefits pursuant to bilateral agreements.	具有这种愿望的无核武器的缔约国也可以根据双边协定获得这种利益。
Article VI	第六条
Each of the Parties to the Treaty undertakes to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a Treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control.	每个缔约国承诺就及早停止核军备竞赛和核裁军方面的有效措施，以及就一项在严格和有效国际监督下的全面彻底裁军条约，真诚地进行谈判。
Article VII	第七条
Nothing in this Treaty affects the right of any group of States to conclude regional treaties in order to assure the total absence of nuclear weapons in their respective territories.	本条约的任何规定均不影响任何国家集团为了保证其各自领土上完全没有核武器而缔结区域性条约的权利。
Article VIII	第八条
1.
Any Party to the Treaty may propose amendments to this Treaty.	任何缔约国得对本条约提出修正案。
The text of any proposed amendment shall be submitted to the Depositary Governments which shall circulate it to all Parties to the Treaty.	提出的任何修正案应提交各保存国政府，由各保存国政府分发给所有缔约国。
Thereupon, if requested to do so by one-third or more of the Parties to the Treaty, the Depositary Governments shall convene a conference, to which they shall invite all the Parties to the Treaty, to consider such an amendment.	随后如经三分之一或三分之一以上缔约国请求，各保存国政府应召集会议，邀请所有缔约国参加，以审议这项修正案。
2.	2．
Any amendment to this Treaty must be approved by a majority of the votes of all the Parties to the Treaty, including the votes of all nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty and all other Parties which, on the date the amendment is circulated, are members of the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency.	本条约的任何修正案须经所有缔约国的多数票通过，多数票中应包括所有有核武器的缔约国以及在分发修正案之日系国际原子能机构理事会理事国的所有其他缔约国的票数。
The amendment shall enter into force for each Party that deposits its instrument of ratification of the amendment upon the deposit of such instruments of ratification by a majority of all the Parties, including the instruments of ratification of all nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty and all other Parties which, on the date the amendment is circulated, are members of the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency.	该修正案对于每个交存其对该修正案的批准书的缔约国，应于所有缔约国的过半数国家，其中包括所有有核武器国家以及在分发修正案之日系国际原子能机构理事会理事国的所有其他缔约国，交存其对修正案的批准书时起生效。
Thereafter, it shall enter into force for any other Party upon the deposit of its instrument of ratification of the amendment.	此后，该修正案对于任河其他缔约国应在其交存修正案批准书时开始生效。
3.	3．
Five years after the entry into force of this Treaty, a conference of Parties to the Treaty shall be held in Switzerland, Geneva, in order to review the operation of this Treaty with a view to assuring that the purposes of the Preamble and the provisions of the Treaty are being realized.	本条约生效后五年，应在瑞士日内瓦举行缔约国会议，审查本条约的实施情况，以保证本条约序言的宗旨和本条约的各项条款正在得到实现。
At intervals of five years thereafter, a majority of the Parties to the Treaty may obtain, by submitting a proposal to this effect to the Depositary Governments, the convening of further conferences with the same objective of reviewing the operation of the Treaty.	此后，每隔五年，经超过半数缔约国向各保存国政府提出以上内容的建议，得另行召集为审查本条约实施情况这一相同目的的会议。
Article IX	第九条
1.	1．
This Treaty shall be open to all States for signature.	本条约应开放供所有国家签署。
Any State which does not sign the Treaty before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article may accede to it at any time.	凡未在本条约按照本条第三款的规定生效前在本条约上签字的国家，得随时加入本条约。
2.	2．
This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by signatory States.	本条约须经签署国批准。
Instruments of ratification and instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Governments of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which are hereby designated the Depositary Governments.	批准书和加入书应交经指定为保存国政府的大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟和美利坚合众国三国政府保存。
3.	3．
This Treaty shall enter into force after its ratification by the States, the Governments of which are designated Depositaries of the Treaty, and forty other States signatory to this Treaty and the deposit of their instruments of ratification.	本条约应在指定为条约保存国政府的各国和本条约的其他四十个签署国批准本条约并交存其批准书后生效。
For the purposes of this Treaty, a nuclear-weapon State is one which has manufactured and exploded a nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive device prior to January 1, 1967.	本条约所称有核武器国家系指在一九六七年一月一日前制造并爆炸核武器或其他核爆炸装置的国家。
4.	4．
For States whose instruments of ratification or accession are deposited subsequent to the entry into force of this Treaty, it shall enter into force on the date of the deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession.	对于在本条约生效后交存其批准书或加入书的国家，本条约应自各该国交存其批准书或加入书之日起生效。
5.	5．
The Depositary Governments shall promptly inform all signatory and acceding States of the date of each signature, the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or of accession, the date of the entry into force of this Treaty, and the date of receipt of any requests for convening a conference or other notices.	各保存国政府应将每一签字的日期、每份批准书或加入书的交存日期、本条约的生效日期、收到关于召集会议的任何请求的日期以及其他通知事项，迅速告知所有签署国和加入国。
6.	6．
This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary Governments pursuant to article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.	本条约应由各保存国政府遵照联合国宪章第一百零二条办理登记。
Article X	第十条
1.	1．
Each Party shall in exercising its national sovereignty have the right to withdraw from the Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events, related to the subject matter of this Treaty, have jeopardized the supreme interests of its country.	每个缔约国如果断定与本条约主题有关的非常事件已危及其国家的最高利益，为行使其国家主权，应有权退出本条约。
It shall give notice of such withdrawal to all other Parties to the Treaty and to the United Nations Security Council three months in advance.	该国应在退出前三个月将此事通知所有其他缔约国和联合国安全理事会。
Such notice shall include a statement of the extraordinary events it regards as having jeopardized its supreme interests.	这项通知应包括关于该国认为已危及其最高利益的非常事件的说明。
2.	2．
Twenty-five years after the entry into force of the Treaty, a conference shall be convened to decide whether the Treaty shall continue in force indefinitely, or shall be extended for an additional fixed period or periods.	本条约生效后二十五年应举行一次会议，以决定本条约是否应无限期地继续有效或应延长一段确定的时期。
This decision shall be taken by a majority of the Parties to the Treaty.	这种决定应由过半数缔约国作出。
Article XI	第十一条
This Treaty, the English, Russian, French, Spanish and Chinese texts of which are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments.	本条约的英文、俄文、法文、西班牙文和中文文本具有同等效力；
	本条约应保存在各保存国政府的档案库内。
Duly certified copies of this Treaty shall be transmitted by the Depositary Governments to the Governments of the signatory and acceding States.	各保存国政府应将经正式核证的本条约副本分送各签署国和加入国政府。
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, duly authorized, have signed this Treaty.	下列签署人，经正式授权，在本条约上签字，以资证明。
DONE in triplicate, at the cities of Washington, London and Moscow, this first day of July one thousand nine hundred sixty-eight.	一九六八年七月一日订于伦敦、莫斯科和华盛顿，一式三份。