DISARM_CONV_1980_Prohibitions_Conventional_Weapons !0000_DISARM_CONV_1980_Prohibitions_Conventional_Weapons_E.docx (English)	DISARM_CONV_1980_Prohibitions_Conventional_Weapons !0000_DISARM_CONV_1980_Prohibitions_Conventional_Weapons_C.docx (Chinese)
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CONVENTION ON PROHIBITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF CERTAIN CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS WHICH MAY BE DEEMED TO BE EXCESSIVELY INJURIOUS OR TO HAVE INDISCRIMINATE EFFECTS	禁止或限制使用某些可被认为具有过分伤害力或滥杀滥伤作用的常规武器公约
Geneva, 10 October 1980	日内瓦，1980年10月10日
United Nations, Treaty Series , vol.	United Nations, Treaty Series, vol.
1342, no. 22495, p. 137.	1342, no. 22495, p. 151.
The High Contracting Parties,	各缔约国,
Recalling that every State has the duty, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, to refrain in its international relations from the threat or use of force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations,	回顾每一个国家有义务遵照《联合国宪章》，不得在其国际关系上以武力威胁或使用武力、或以不符联合国宗旨的任何其他方法对付任何国家的主权、领土完整或政治独立，
Further recalling the general principle of the protection of the civilian population against the effects of hostilities,	又回顾保护平民居民不受敌对行为影响的一般性原则,
Basing themselves on the principle of international law that the right of the parties to an armed conflict to choose methods or means of warfare is not unlimited, and on the principle that prohibits the employment in armed conflicts of weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering,	基于国际法关于武装冲突各方选择战争方法和手段的权利并非毫无限制的原则，以及禁止在武装冲突中使用可能引起过分杀伤或不必要痛苦的武器、弹药、材料和作战方法的原则,
Also recalling that it is prohibited to employ methods or means of warfare which are intended, or may be expected, to cause widespread, long-term and severe damage to the natural environment,	又回顾禁止使用旨在或可能对自然环境引起广泛、长期而严重损害的作战方法或手段，
Confirming their determination that in cases not covered by this Convention and its annexed Protocols or by other international agreements, the civilian population and the combatants shall at all times remain under the protection and authority of the principles of international law derived from established custom, from the principles of humanity and from the dictates of public conscience,	决心在本公约及其所附议定书或其他国际协定未予包括的情况下，务使平民居民和战斗人员无论何时均置于人道原则、公众良知和既定惯例所产生的国际法原则的保护和权力之下，
Desiring to contribute to international detente, the ending of the arms race and the building of confidence among States, and hence to the realization of the aspiration of all peoples to live in peace,	希望对国际缓和、停止军备竞赛和建立各国间信任做出贡献，从而实现全世界人民和平生活的愿望，
Recognizing the importance of pursuing every effort which may contribute to progress towards general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control,	认识到竭尽一切努力促逬朝向严格有效国际监督下全面彻底裁军进展的重要性，
Reaffirming the need to continue the codification and progressive development of the rules of international law applicable in armed conflict,	重申必须继续编纂和逐步发展适用于武裝冲突的国际法规则，
Wishing to prohibit or restrict further the use of certain conventional weapons and believing that the positive results achieved in this area may facilitate the main talks on disarmament with a view to putting an end to the production, stockpiling and proliferation of such weapons,	希望进一步禁止或限制使用某些常规武器并深信在这领域达成积极成果将可有助于旨在停止生产、储存和扩散这些武器的主要裁军会谈，
Emphasizing the desirability that all States become parties to this Convention and its annexed Protocols, especially the militarily significant States,	强调—切国家特别是军事上重要国家成为本公约及其所附议定书缔约国的可取性，
Bearing in mind that the General Assembly of the United Nations and the United Nations Disarmament Commission may decide to examine the question of a possible broadening of the scope of the prohibitions and restrictions contained in this Convention and its annexed Protocols,	铭记着联合国大会和联合国裁军审议委员会可能决定就扩大本公约及其所附议定书中所载各项禁止和限制的范围的可能性问题，进行研讨，
Further bearing in mind that the Committee on Disarmament may decide to consider the question of adopting further measures to prohibit or restrict the use of certain conventional weapons,	又铭记着裁军谈判委员会可能决定就采取进一步禁止或限制使用某些常规武器的措施的问题进行审议，
Have agreed as follows:	达成协议如下：
Article 1.	第一条
Scope of application	适用范围
This Convention and its annexed Protocols shall apply in the situations referred to in Article 2 common to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims, including any situation described in paragraph 4 of Article 1 of Additional Protocol I to these Conventions.	本公约及其所附各项议定书适用于1949年8月12日关于保护战争受难者的日内瓦四公约共有的第二条所指的场合，包括日内瓦四公约第一号附加议定书第一条第四款所指的场合。
Article 2.	第二条
Relations with other international agreements	同其他国际协定的关系
Nothing in this Convention or its annexed Protocols shall be interpreted as detracting from other obligations imposed upon the High Contracting Parties by international humanitarian law applicable in armed conflict.	本公约及其所附各项议定书中任何条款均不得被解释为减损缔约国根据适用于武裝冲突的国际人道主义法律所承担的其他义务。
Article 3.	第三条
Signature	签署
This Convention shall be open for signature by all States at United Nations Headquarters in New York for a period of twelve months from 10 April 1981.	本公约将自1981年4月10日起在纽约联合国总部开放给所有国家签署，为期十二个月。
Article 4.	第四条
Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession	批准、接受，核准、加入
1. This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by the Signatories.	1. 本公约须经各签署国的批准、接受或核准。
Any State which has not signed this Convention may accede to it.	任何未签署本公约的国家亦可加入本公约。
2. The instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Depositary.	2. 批准、接受、核准或加入书应交存本公约的保存者。
3. Expressions of consent to be bound by any of the Protocols annexed to this Convention shall be optional for each State, provided that at the time of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of this Convention or of accession thereto, that State shall notify the Depositary of its consent to be bound by any two or more of these Protocols.	3. 愿意受本公约任何一项议定书约束的表示，得由每个国家选择为之，只须该国在交存其批准、接受、核准或加入书时通知保存者该国愿意受任何两项或多项议定书的约束即可。
4. At any time after the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of this Convention or of accession thereto, a State may notify the Depositary of its consent to be bound by any annexed Protocol by which it is not already bound.	4. 任何缔约国可在交存其批准，接受、核准成加入书后的任何时候，通知保存者它愿意受对其尚无约束力的任何一项所附议定书的约束。
5. Any Protocol by which a High Contracting Party is bound shall for that Party form an integral part of this Convention.	5. 缔约国已受其约束的任何议定书，对该缔约国而言，即成为本公约的组成部分。
Article 5.	第五条
Entry into force	生效
1. This Convention shall enter into force six months after the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.	1. 本公约应在第二十份批准、接受、核准或加入书交存之日后六个月开始生效。
2. For any State which deposits its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession after the date of the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this Convention shall enter into force six months after the date on which that State has deposited its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.	2. 对任何在第二十份批准、接受、核准或加入书交存之日后交存其批准、接受、核准或加入书的国家而言，本公约应在该国批准、接受、核准或加入书交存之日后六个月开始生效。
3. Each of the Protocols annexed to this Convention shall enter into force six months after the date by which twenty States have notified their consent to be bound by it in accordance with paragraph 3 or 4 of Article 4 of this Convention.	3. 本公约所附每项议定书应在二十个国家按本公约第四条第3或第4款的规定通知愿受该议定书约束之日后六个月开始生效。
4. For any State which notifies its consent to be bound by a Protocol annexed to this Convention after the date by which twenty States have notified their consent to be bound by it, the Protocol shall enter into force six months after the date on which that State has notified its consent so to be bound.	4. 对任何在二十个国家已经通知愿受一项议定书的约束之日后通知愿受该议定书约束的国家而言，该议定书应在该国通知愿受约束之日后六个月开始生效。
Article 6.	第六条
Dissemination	传播
The High Contracting Parties undertake, in time of peace as in time of armed conflict, to disseminate this Convention and those of its annexed Protocols by which they are bound as widely as possible in their respective countries and, in particular, to include the study thereof in their programmes of military instruction, so that those instruments may become known to their armed forces.	各缔约国承诺无论在和平期间或武裝冲突期间，均将尽量在其本国广泛传播本公约及该国受其约束的议定书，特别要在军事训练课程中包括这方面的学习，以便使武装部队均知悉各该文书。
Article 7.	第七条
Treaty relations upon entry into force of this Convention	本公约生效时的条约关系
1. When one of the parties to a conflict is not bound by an annexed Protocol, the parties bound by this Convention and that annexed Protocol shall remain bound by them in their mutual relations.	1. 当冲突的一方不受一项所附议定书的约束时，凡是受本公约和该项所附议定书约束的各方在其相互关系上仍受本公约和该项议定书的约束。
2. Any High Contracting Party shall be bound by this Convention and any Protocol annexed thereto which is in force for it, in any situation contemplated by Article 1, in relation to any State which is not a party to this Convention or bound by the relevant annexed Protocol, if the latter accepts and applies this Convention or the relevant Protocol, and so notifies the Depositary.	2. 在第一条所设想的任何场合中，如果任何一个不是本公约的缔约国、或不受所附有关议定书约束的国家，接受并适用本公约或有关议定书，并就此通知保存者，则任何缔约国在其与该国的关系上，均受本公约及对其生效的任何所附议定书的约束。
3. The Depositary shall immediately inform the High Contracting Parties concerned of any notification received under paragraph 2 of this Article.	3. 保存者于收到本条第2款所述的任何通知时，应立即把它告知各有关缔约国。
4. This Convention, and the annexed Protocols by which a High Contracting Party is bound, shall apply with respect to an armed conflict against that High Contracting Party of the type referred to in Article 1, paragraph 4, of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Convention of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims:	4. 当一个缔约国成为性质属于《1949年8月12日日内瓦四公约关于保护战争受难者的第一号附加议定书》第一条第四款所指武装冲突的对象时，则本公约和该缔约国受其约束的各项所附议定书应在下列情况下适用于此一武装冲突：
(a) Where the High Contracting Party is also a party to Additional Protocol I and an authority referred to in Article 96, paragraph 3, of that Protocol has undertaken to apply the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocol I in accordance with Article 96, paragraph 3, of the said Protocol, and undertakes to apply this Convention and the relevant annexed Protocols in relation to that conflict; or	（a） 该缔约国同时又是第一号附加议定书的缔约国和该议定书第九十六条第三款所指的当局，并已承担按照该议定书第九十六条第三款的规定，将日内瓦四公约和第一号附加议定书适用于该武裝冲突，并承担将本公约及其有关议定书适用于该武装冲突；或
(b) Where the High Contracting Party is not a party to Additional Protocol I and an authority of the type referred to in subparagraph (a) above accepts and applies the obligations of the Geneva Conventions and of this Convention and the relevant annexed Protocols in relation to that conflict.	（b） 该缔约国不是第一号附加议定书的缔约国，也不是上文（a）项所指的当局，但接受日内瓦四公约和本公约及其所附有关议定书的各项义务并将之适用于该武装冲突。
Such an acceptance and application shall have in relation to that conflict the following effects:	此种接受和适用应对该武装冲突具有下列效果：
(i) The Geneva Conventions and this Convention and its relevant annexed Protocols are brought into force for the parties to the conflict with immediate effect;	（一） 日内瓦四公约和本公约及其所附有关议定书立即对冲突的当事各方生效；
(ii) The said authority assumes the same rights and obligations as those which have been assumed by a High Contracting Party to the Geneva Conventions, this Convention and its relevant annexed Protocols; and	（二） 该当局承担日内瓦四公约、本公约及其所附有关议定书各缔约国所承担的同样权利和义务；
(iii) The Geneva Conventions, this Convention and its relevant annexed Protocols are equally binding upon all parties to the conflict.	（三） 日内瓦四公约、本公约及其所附有关议定书对冲突的所有当事各方具有同等约束力。
The High Contracting Party and the authority may also agree to accept and apply the obligations of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions on a reciprocal basis.	该缔约国和该当局也可在对等基础上同意接受并适用日内瓦四公约第一号附加议定书所规定的义务。
Article 8.	第八条
Review and amendments	审查和修正
1. (a) At any time after the entry into force of this Convention any High Contracting Party may propose amendments to this Convention or any annexed Protocol by which it is bound.	1.（a）本公约生效后的任何时候，任何缔约国可对本公约或其所附对该缔约国具有约束力的任何议定书提出修正。
Any proposal for an amendment shall be communicated to the Depositary, who shall notify it to all the High Contracting Parties and shall seek their views on whether a conference should be convened to consider the proposal.	任何有关修正的提案应送交保存者，保存者应将此提案分送所有缔约国并征询各缔约国关于应否召开一次会议以审议该提案的意见。
If a majority, that shall not be less than eighteen of the High Contracting Parties so agree, he shall promptly convene a conference to which all High Contracting Parties shall be invited.	如经不少于十八个的多数缔约国同意，则保存者应立即召开一次会议，并邀请所有缔约国参加。
States not parties to this Convention shall be invited to the conference as observers.	不是本公约缔约国的国家应被邀请作为观察员参加会议。
(b) Such a conference may agree upon amendments which shall be adopted and shall enter into force in the same manner as this Convention and the annexed Protocols, provided that amendments to this Convention may be adopted only by the High Contracting Parties and that amendments to a specific annexed Protocol may be adopted only by the High Contracting Parties which are bound by that Protocol.	（b）此一会议可就修正案达成协议，该修正案将依本公约及其所附议定书相同的方式予以通过和生效，但对本公约的修正案只可由各缔约国予以通过，而对某一项所附议定书的修正案只可由受该议定书约束的各缔约国予以通过。
2. (a) At any time after the entry into force of this Convention any High Contracting Party may propose additional protocols relating to other categories of conventional weapons not covered by the existing annexed protocols.	2.（a）本公约生效后的任何时候，任何缔约国可提议增列关于未为现有所附议定书所包括的其他类型常规武器的议定书。
Any such proposal for an additional protocol shall be communicated to the Depositary, who shall notify it to all the High Contracting Parties in accordance with subparagraph 1 (a) of this Article.	任何有关此种增列议定书的提案应送交保存者，保存者应依照本条第1款（a）项将此提案分送所有缔约国。
If a majority, that shall not be less than eighteen of the High Contracting Parties so agree, the Depositary shall promptly convene a conference to which all States shall be invited.	如经不少于十八个的多数缔约国同意，则保存者应立即召开一次会议，并邀请所有国家参加。
(b) Such a conference may agree, with the full participation of all States represented at the conference, upon additional protocols which shall be adopted in the same manner as this Convention, shall be annexed thereto and shall enter into force as provided in paragraphs 3 and 4 of Article 5 of this Convention.	（b）此一会议，在所有派有代表参加会议的国家充分出席的情况下，可就各增列议定书达成协议，各该增列议定书将依本公约相同的方式予以通过，附于本公约，并按本公约第五条第3和第4款的规定开始生效。
3. (a) If, after a period of ten years following the entry into force of this Convention, no conference has been convened in accordance with subparagraph 1 or 2 (a) of this Article, any High Contracting Party may request the Depositary to convene a conference to which all High Contracting Parties shall be invited to review the scope and operation of this Convention and the Protocols annexed thereto and to consider any proposal for ammendments of this Convention or of the existing Protocols.	3.（a）如在本公约生效十年后未曾按照本条第1款（a）项或第2款（a）项规定召开会议时，任何缔约国可要求保存者召开一次会议，邀请所有缔约国参加，以便审查本公约和所附议定书的范围和执行情况，并审议任何修正本公约或现有议定书的提案。
States not parties to this Convention shall be invited as observers to the conference.	不是本公约缔约国的国家应被邀请作为观察员参加会议。
The conference may agree upon amendments which shall be adopted and enter into force in accordance with subparagraph 1 (b) above.	会议可就各修正案达成协议，各该修正案将按照上文第1款（b）项的规定予以通过和生效。
(b) At such conference consideration may also be given to any proposal for additional protocols relating to other categories of conventional weapons not covered by the existing annexed Protocols.	（b）此一会议也可审议任何有关未为现有所附议定书所包括的其他类型常规武器的增列议定书的提案。
All States represented at the conference may participate fully in such consideration.	所有派有代表参加这个会议的国家均可充分参加审议。
Any additional protocols shall be adopted in the same manner as this Convention, shall be annexed thereto and shall enter into force as provided in paragraphs 3 and 4 of Article 5 of this Convention.	任何增列议定书均将依本公约相同的方式予以通过，并按本公约第五条第3和第4款的规定附于本公约并开始生效。
(c) Such a conference may consider whether provision should be made for the convening of a further conference at the request of any High Contracting Party if, after a similar period to that referred to in subparagraph 3 (a) of this Article, no conference has been convened in accordance with subparagraph 1 (a) or 2 (a) of this Article.	（c）如在本条第3款（a）项所述同样长久的时期内未曾按照上文第1款（a）项或第2款（a）項规定召开会议时，此一会议可审议应否制定关于在任何缔约国提出要求时召开另一次会议的条款。
Article 9.	第九条
Denunciation	退约
1. Any High Contracting Party may denounce this Convention or any of its annexed Protocols by so notifying the Depositary.	1. 任何缔约国可在通知保存者后退出本公约或其所附的任何议定书。
2. Any such denunciation shall only take effect one year after receipt by the Depositary of the notification of denunciation.	2. 任何此种退约只有在公约保存者收到退约通知一年后方可生效。
If, however, on the expiry of that year the denouncing High Contracting Party is engaged in one of the situations referred to in Article 1, the Party shall continue to be bound by the obligations of this Convention and of the relevant annexed Protocols until the end of the armed conflict or occupation and, in any case, until the termination of operations connected with the final release, repatriation or re-establishment of the persons protected by the rules of international law applicable in armed conflict, and in the case of any annexed Protocol containing provisions concerning situations in which peace-keeping, observation or similar functions are performed by United Nations forces or missions in the area concerned, until the termination of those functions.	但如果在一年期满时，退约国正卷入第一条所指各种场合中的一种场合，则该国在武装冲突或占领结束之前仍应受本公约各项义务及所附各项议定书的约束，无论如何，在与受适用于武装冲突的国际法各项条规保护的人最后释放、遣返或安置有关的行动终止以前，并如任何所附议定书载有关于联合国部队或特派团在有关地区执行维持和平、观察或类似任务的各种场合的条款时，则在这些任务结束以前，此项退约不应发生效力。
3. Any denunciation of this Convention shall be considered as also applying to all annexed Protocols by which the denouncing High Contracting Party is bound.	3. 任何退出本公约的退约应视为同样适用于退约国受其约束的一切所附议定书。
4. Any denunciation shall have effect only in respect of the denouncing High Contracting Party.	4. 任何退约只对退约国有效。
5. Any denunciation shall not affect the obligations already incurred, by reason of an armed conflict, under this Convention and its annexed Protocols by such denouncing High Contracting Party in respect of any act committed before this denunciation becomes effective.	5. 任何退约国在退约生效前的任何行动不得以武裝冲突为理由而影响该国根据本公约及其所附议定书所已承担的义务。
Article 10.	第十条
Depositary	保存者
1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the Depositary of this Convention and of its annexed Protocols.	1. 联合国秘书长应为本公约及其所附议定书的保存者。
2. In addition to his usual functions, the Depositary shall inform all States of:	2. 保存者除执行其通常任务外，应将下列事项通知所有国家：
(a) Signatures affixed to this Convention under Article 3;	（a） 按第三条签在本公约上的签字；
(b) Deposits of instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval of or accession to this Convention deposited under Article 4;	（b） 按第四条的规定交存的批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的文书；
(c) Notifications of consent to be bound by annexed Protocols under Article 4;	（c） 按第四条的规定通知接受所附各项议定书约束的同意表示；
(d) The dates of entry into force of this Convention and of each of its annexed Protocols under Article 5; and	（d） 本公约及其所附各项议定书按照第五条规定开始生效的日期；
(e) Notifications of denunciation received under Article 9 and their effective date.	（e） 按第九条的规定收到的退约通知及其有效日期。
Article 11.	第十一条
Authentic texts	有效文本
The original of this Convention with the annexed Protocols, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Depositary, who shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all States.	本公约及其所附议定书的正本用阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文写成，各种文本具有同等效力，本公约及其所附议定书应由保存者保存，他应将经正式核证的副本递交所有国家。
PROTOCOL ON NON-DETECTABLE FRAGMENTS	关于无法检测的碎片的议定书
(PROTOCOL I)	(议定书一）
It is prohibited to use any weapon the primary effect of which is to injure by fragments which in the human body escape detection by X-rays.	禁止使用任何其主要作用在于以碎片伤人而其碎片在人体内无法用X射线检测的武器。
PROTOCOL ON PROHIBITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF MINES, BOOBY-TRAPS AND OTHER DEVICES	禁止或限制使用地雷（水雷）、饵雷和其他装置的议定书
(PROTOCOL II)	(议定书二）
Article 1.	第一条
Material scope of application	对事物的适用范围
This Protocol relates to the use on land of the mines, booby-traps and other devices defined herein, including mines laid to interdict beaches, waterway crossings or river crossings, but does not apply to the use of anti-ship mines at sea or in inland waterways.	本议定书针对其中所称地雷（水雷）、饵雷和其他装置的陆上使用，包括为封锁水滩、水道渡口或河流渡口而布放的水雷，但不适用干海洋或内陆水道中防舰水雷的使用。
Article 2.	第二条
Definitions	定义
For the purpose of this Protocol:	为了本议定书的目的；
1. “Mine” means any munition placed under, on or near the ground or other surface area and designed to be detonated or exploded by the presence, proximity or contact of a person or vehicle, and “remotely delivered mine” means any mine so defined delivered by artillery, rocket, mortar or similar means or dropped from an aircraft.	1. “地雷（水雷）”是指任何置于地面或其他表面上、下或其附近地点而在人员或车辆出现、接近或接触时引爆的弹药，而“遥布地雷（水雷）”是指以大炮、火箭、迫击炮或类似工具或以飞机投布本定义范围内的任何地雷（水雷）。
2. “Booby-trap” means any device or material which is designed, constructed or adapted to kill or injure and which functions unexpectedly when a person disturbs or approaches an apparently harmless object or performs an apparently safe act.	2. “饵雷”是指人工安装的具有特殊设计和构造、可在有人扰动或趋近一个表面无害的物体或进行一项表面安全的行动时出乎意外地造成杀伤的裝置。
3. “Other devices” means manually-emplaced munitions and devices designed to kill, injure or damage and which are actuated by remote control or automatically after a lapse of time.	3. “其他装置”是指人工放置、旨在利用遥控或于一定时间后自行引爆从而造成杀伤或破坏的弹药和装置。
4. “Military objective” means, so far as objects are concerned, any object which by its nature, location, purpose or use makes an effective contribution to military action and whose total or partial destruction, capture or neutralization, in the circumstances ruling at the time, offers a definite military advantage.	4. “军事目标"就目的物而言，是指任何因其性质、位置、目的或用途而对军事行动作出有效贡献，并于将其全部或部分破坏、夺取或摧毁后可在当时情况下取得明确军事优势的目的物。
5. “Civilian objects” are all objects which are not military objectives as defined in paragraph 4.	5. “平民目的物”是指第4款定义中所称军事目标以外的一切目的物。
6. “Recording” means a physical, administrative and technical operation designed to obtain, for the purpose of registration in the official records, all available information facilitating the location of minefields, mines and booby-traps.	6. “记录”是指一种实务性的行政和技术工作，旨在把便于査明布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷的一切可得的情报记载于官方记录中。
Article 3.	第三条
General restrictions on the use of mines, booby-traps and other devices	地雷（水雷)、饵雷和其他装置使用的全面限制
1. This Article applies to:	1. 本条适用于：
(a) Mines;	（a）地雷（水雷）;
(b) Booby-traps; and	（b）饵雷；和
(c) Other devices.	（c）其他装置
2. It is prohibited in all circumstances to direct weapons to which this Article applies, either in offence, defence or by way of reprisals, against the civilian population as such or against individual civilians.	2. 禁止在一切情况下--无论是攻击、防卫或报复——对平民居民或个别居民使用本条适用的武器。
3. The indiscriminate use of weapons to which this Article applies is prohibited. Indiscriminate use is any placement of such weapons:	3. 禁止不分皂白地使用本条适用的武器。不分皂白地使用是指在下列情况下放置各该武器：
(a) Which is not on, or directed against, a military objective; or	（a） 此种武器并不是放置在军事目标上，也不真接以军事目标为对象；或 （b）
(b) Which employs a method or means of delivery which cannot be directed at a specific military objective; or	使用一种不可能以特定军事目标为对象的投送方法或手段；或
(c) Which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated.	（c） 预计可能附带造成平民死亡、平民受伤害、平民目的物受损坏，或其中三种情况的一种或多种，而其损害的程度超过了预期的具体和直接的军事优势。
4. All feasible precautions shall be taken to protect civilians from the effects of weapons to which this Article applies.	4. 应采取一切可行的预防措施，使平民不受本条适用的武器的影响。
Feasible precautions are those precautions which are practicable or practically possible taking into account all circumstances ruling at the time, including humanitarian and military considerations.	可行的预防措施是指计及了当时存在的一切情况，包括人道和军事方面的考虑以后实际可行的或实际可能的预防措施。
Article 4.	第四条
Restrictions on the use of mines other than remotely delivered mines, booby-traps and other devices in populated areas	限制在居民地区使用除遥布地雷以外的地雷（水雷）、饵雷及其他装置
1. This Article applies to:	1. 本条适用于：
(a) Mines other than remotely delivered mines;	（a）遥布地雷以外的地雷（水雷）;
(b) Booby-traps; and	（b）饵雷；及
(c) Other devices.	（c）其他装置
2. It is prohibited to use weapons to which this Article applies in any city, town, village or other area containing a similar concentration of civilians in which combat between ground forces is not taking place or does not appear to be imminent, unless either:	2. 禁止对地面部队未在进行交战或未有迹象显示即将交战的任何都市、村镇或其他类似的平民集聚地区使用本条所适用的任何武器，除非：
(a) They are placed on or in the close vicinity of a military objective belonging to or under the control of an adverse party; or	（a） 此类武器是装置于敌方或敌方控制的军事目标上或目标的紧邻区域内；或
(b) Measures are taken to protect civilians from their effects, for example, the posting of warning signs, the posting of sentries, the issue of warnings or the provision of fences.	（b） 已采取使平民不受其影响的保护措施，例如张贴警告标志、派设哨兵、发出警告或树立栏栅。
Article 5.	第五条
Restrictions on the use of remotely delivered mines	限制使用遥布地雷（水雷>
1. The use of remotely delivered mines is prohibited unless such mines are only used within an area which is itself a military objective or which contains military objectives, and unless:	1. 遥布地雷（水雷）的使用应予禁止，除非这种地雷（水雷）只使用于自身为军事目标或包含军事目标的区域内，并除非：
(a) Their location can be accurately recorded in accordance with Article 7(1) (a); or	（a） 它们可按照第七条(1)(a)款的规定准确记录其位置者，或
(b) An effective neutralizing mechanism is used on each such mine, that is to say, a self- actuating mechanism which is designed to render a mine harmless or cause it to destroy itself when it is anticipated that the mine will no longer serve the military purpose for which it was placed in position, or a remotely-controlled mechanism which is designed to render harmless or destroy a mine when the mine no longer serves the military purpose for which it was placed in position.	（b） 此类地雷（水雷）装有一种有效的毁雷器械—一种自动器械，当预期该地雷（水雷）不再用于当初安装时的军事目的时可使地雷（水雷）变为无害或使其自动销毁，或一种遥控器械，当该地雷（水雷）不再用于当初安装时的军事目的时可使地雷（水雷）变为无害或使其销毁。
2. Effective advance warning shall be given of any delivery or dropping of remotely delivered mines which may affect the civilian population, unless circumstances do not permit.	2. 在布放或投放可能影响平民居民的遥布地雷（水雷）时，除非情况不许可，应预先提出有效警告。
Article 6.	第六条
Prohibition on the use of certain booby-traps	禁止使用某些饵雷
1. Without prejudice to the rules of international law applicable in armed conflict relating to treachery and perfidy, it is prohibited in all circumstances to use:	1. 在不影响适用于武装冲突中有关诈术和背信弃义行为的国际法规定的情况下，禁止在一切情况下使用：
(a) Any booby-trap in the form of an apparently harmless portable object which is specifically designed and constructed to contain explosive material and to detonate when it is disturbed or approached, or	(a)任何伪装成表面无害的轻便物体，但具有特殊设计和构造，能装入爆炸物并在受到扰动或趋近时引爆的饵雷；或
(b) Booby-traps which are in any way attached to or associated with:	(b)以任何方式附着于或联结在下列物体上的饵雷：
(i) Internationally recognized protective emblems, signs or signals;	（一）国际承认的保护性徽章、标记或信号；
(ii) Sick, wounded or dead persons;	（二）伤者、病者、或死者；
(iii) Burial or cremation sites or graves;	（三）墓地或火葬场；
(iv) Medical facilities, medical equipment, medical supplies or medical transportations;	（四）医务设施、医疗设备、医药用品或医务运输；
(v) Children’s toys or other portable objects or products specially designed for the feeding, health, hygiene, clothing or education of children;	（五）儿童玩具或其他为儿童饮食、健康、卫生、衣着或教育而特制的轻便物件或产品；
(vi) Food or drink;	（六）食品或饮料；
(vii) Kitchen utensils or appliances except in military establishments, military locations or military supply depots;	（七）炊事用具或器具，但军事设施、军事阵地或军事补给站的此种用具除外；
(viii) Objects clearly of a religious nature;	（八）明显属于宗教性质的物体；
(ix) Historic monuments, works of art or places of worship which constitute the cultural or spiritual heritage of peoples;	（九）构成民族文化或精神遗产的历史古迹、艺术品或礼拜场所；
(x) Animals or their carcasses.	（十）动物及其尸体。
2. It is prohibited in all circumstances to use any booby-trap which is designed to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering.	2. 禁止在一切情况下使用任何旨在引起过分伤害或不必要痛苦的饵雷。
Article 7.	第七条
Recording and publication of the location of minefields, mines and booby-traps	记录和公布布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷的位置
1. The parties to a conflict shall record the location of:	1. 冲突各方应记录：
(a) All pre-planned minefields laid by them; and	（a）各方预先计划的所有布雷区的位置；
(b) All areas in which they have made large-scale and pre-planned use of booby-traps.	（b）各方大规模使用或预先计划使用饵雷的所有区域的位置。
2. The parties shall endeavour to ensure the recording of the location of all other minefields, mines and booby-traps which they have laid or placed in position.	2. 当事各方应尽力保证将其布放或安置的所有其他布雷区、地雷（水雷）以及饵雷的位置保持记录。
3. All such records shall be retained by the parties who shall:	3. 所有此种记录应由当事各方加以保存，当事各方应：
(a) Immediately after the cessation of active hostilities:	（a）在积极的敌对行动停止后，立即：
(i) Take all necessary and appropriate measures, including the use of such records, to protect civilians from the effects of minefields, mines and booby-traps; and either	（一）采取一切必要和适当的措施，包括使用此种记录，以保护平民不受布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷的影响；并
(ii) In cases where the forces of neither party are in the territory of the adverse party, make available to each other and to the Secretary-General of the United Nations all information in their possession concerning the location of minefields, mines and booby-traps in the territory of the adverse party; or	（二）在已无当事各方的部队存在于敌方领土上时，即应向敌对各方和联合国秘书长提供它们所拥有的一切有关敌方领土内布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷位置的情报；或
(iii) Once complete withdrawal of the forces of the parties from the territory of the adverse party has taken place, make available to the adverse party and to the Secretary-General of the United Nations all information in their possession concerning the location of minefields, mines and booby-traps in the territory of the adverse party;	（三）一俟各方部队完全撤出敌方领土以后，即应向敌方和联合国秘书长提供它们所拥有的一切有关该敌对一方领土内布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷位置的情报；
(b) When a United Nations force or mission performs functions in any area, make available to the authority mentioned in Article 8 such information as is required by that Article;	（b）当联合国部队或特派团在任何地区执行任务时，即应按照第八条的规定向该条所述当局提供情报；
(c) Whenever possible, by mutual agreement, provide for the release of information concerning the location of minefields, mines and booby-traps, particularly in agreements governing the cessation of hostilities.	（c）凡在可能时，通过双方协议，特别是在指导停止敌对行动的协议内，规定发布有关布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷位置的情报。
Article 8.	第八条
Protection of United Nations forces and missions from the effects of minefields, mines and booby-traps	保护联合国部队和特派团不受布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷的影响
1. When a United Nations force or mission performs functions of peace-keeping, observation or similar functions in any area, each party to the conflict shall, if requested by the head of the United Nations force or mission in that area, as far as it is able:	1. 当联合国部队或特派团在任何地区执行维持和平、观察、或类似任务时，冲突各方如经该地区的联合国部队或特派团首长的要求，应尽可能：
(a) Remove or render harmless all mines or booby-traps in that area;	（a）移去该地区内的一切地雷（水雷）或饵雷，或使其丧失杀伤力；
(b) Take such measures as may be necessary to protect the force or mission from the effects of minefields, mines and booby-traps while carrying out its duties; and	（b）采取必要措施，保护联合国部队或特派团在执行任务时不受布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷的影响；
(c) Make available to the head of the United Nations force or mission in that area, all information in the party’s possession concerning the location of minefields, mines and booby- traps in that area.	（c）向该地区的联合国部队或特派团首长提供该方拥有的关于该地区内布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷位置的一切情报。
2. When a United Nations fact-finding mission performs functions in any area, any party to the conflict concerned shall provide protection to that mission except where, because of the size of such mission, it cannot adequately provide such protection.	2. 当联合国事实调查特派团在任何地区执行任务时，有关冲突的任何一方应向事实调査特派团提供保护，除非由于特派团规模庞大无法提供充分保护者不在此限。
In that case it shall make available to the head of the mission the information in its possession concerning the location of minefields, mines and booby-traps in that area.	但在这种情况下，应将其拥有关于该地区内布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷位置的情报提供给特派团首长。
Article 9.	第九条
International co-operation in the removal of minefields, mines and booby-traps	扫除布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷的国际合作
After the cessation of active hostilities, the parties shall endeavour to reach agreement, both among themselves and, where appropriate, with other States and with international organizations, on the provision of information and technical and material assistance — including, in appropriate circumstances, joint operations — necessary to remove or otherwise render ineffective minefields, mines and booby-traps placed in position during the conflict.	在积极敌对行动停止后，当事各方应在相互之间，以及在适当情况下与其他国家和国际组织，努力就提供关于扫除冲突期间布下的布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷或使其失效所需的资料和技术及物质援助——包括在适当情况下采取联合行动——达成协议。
Technical Annex to the Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-traps and Other Devices (Protocol II)	关于禁止或限制使用地雷（水雷）饵雷和其他装置的议定书（议定书二)的技术性附件
Guidelines on Recording	关于作记录的指导方针
Whenever an obligation for the recording of the location of minefields, mines and booby-traps arises under the Protocol, the following guidelines shall be taken into account.	凡根据议定书产生对布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷的位置作记录的义务时，应考虑下列指导方针：
1. With regard to pre-planned minefields and large-scale and pre-planned use of booby-traps:	1. 有关预先计划的布雷区以及饵雷的大规模地预先计划使用：
(a) Maps, diagrams or other records should be made in such a way as to indicate the extent of the minefield or booby-trapped area; and	（a）地图、图表或其他记录应能指明布雷区或饵雷区的范围；
(b) The location of the minefield or booby-trapped area should be specified by relation to the co-ordinates of a single reference point and by the estimated dimensions of the area containing mines and booby-traps in relation to that single reference point.	（b）布雷区或饵雷区的位置应根据其与一个单参考点座标的相对关系、并根据地雷（水雷）和饵雷布放地区与该单参考点之间相对关系的估计面积来加以标明。
2. With regard to other minefields, mines and booby-traps laid or placed in position:	2. 有关其他埋设成放置的布雷区、地雷（水雷）和饵雷：
In so far as possible, the relevant information specified in paragraph 1 above should be recorded so as to enable the areas containing minefields, mines and booby-traps to be identified.	上述第1款所规定的各项有关情报应尽可能予以记录，以便能够确定布雷区以及地雷（水雷）和饵雷的布放地区。
PROTOCOL ON PROHIBITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF INCENDIARY WEAPONS	禁止或限制使用燃烧武器议定书
(PROTOCOL III)	(议定书三）
Article 1.	第一条
Definitions	定义
For the purpose of this Protocol:	为了本议定书的目的：
1. “Incendiary weapon” means any weapon or munition which is primarily designed to set fire to objects or to cause burn injury to persons through the action of flame, heat, or a combination thereof, produced by a chemical reaction of a substance delivered on the target.	1. “燃烧武器”是指任何武器或弹药，其主要目的是使用—种通过化学反应在击中目标时引起火焰、热力、或两者兼有的物质，以便使击中的目的物燃烧或引起人员的烧伤。
(a) Incendiary weapons can take the form of, for example, flame throwers, fougasses, shells, rockets, grenades, mines, bombs and other containers of incendiary substances.	（a）燃烧武器有下列各种形式：例如火焰喷射器，定向地雷、炮弹、火箭、手榴弹、地雷（水雷）、炸弹和其他装有燃烧物质的容器。
(b) Incendiary weapons do not include:	（b）燃烧武器不包括：
(i) Munitions which may have incidental incendiary effects, such as illuminants, tracers, smoke or signalling systems;	（一）可引起偶发燃烧效应的弹药，例如照明弹、曳光弹、烟雾弹或信号弹等。
(ii) Munitions designed to combine penetration, blast or fragmentation effects with an additional incendiary effect, such as armour-piercing projectiles, fragmentation shells, explosive bombs and similar combined-effects munitions in which the incendiary effect is not specifically designed to cause burn injury to persons, but to be used against military objectives, such as armoured vehicles, aircraft and installations or facilities.	（二）旨在结合贯穿、爆破或破片飞散效果并附带具有燃烧效果的弹药，例如：穿甲弹、杀伤炮弹、爆炸弹以及类似的综合效果弹药，这种弹药的燃烧效果并非专为烧伤人员而设计，而是用于攻击装甲车辆、飞机和装备或设施等军事目标。
2. “Concentration of civilians” means any concentration of civilians, be it permanent or temporary, such as in inhabited parts of cities, or inhabited towns or villages, or as in camps or columns of refugees or evacuees, or groups of nomads.	2. “平民集聚”是指任何长期或暂时的平民集聚，例如城市中居民住区、城镇和农村居民住区，或难民或疏散人口的营地或队伍，或游牧人群。
3. “Military objective” means, so far as objects are concerned, any object which by its nature, location, purpose or use makes an effective contribution to military action and whose total or partial destruction, capture or neutralization, in the circumstances ruling at the time, offers a definite military advantage.	3. “军事目标”就目的物而言，是指任何因其性质、位置、目的或用途而对军事行动作出有效贡献，并于将之全部或部分破坏、夺取或摧毁后可在当时情况下取得明确军事优势的目的物。
4. “Civilian objects” are all objects which are not military objectives as defined in paragraph 3.	4. “平民目的物”是指第3款定义中所称军事目标以外的一切目的物。
5. “Feasible precautions” are those precautions which are practicable or practically possible taking into account all circumstances ruling at the time, including humanitarian and military considerations.	5. “可行的预防措施”是指计及了当时存在的一切情况，包括人道和军事方面的考虑以后所采取的实际可行或实际可能的预防措施。
Article 2.	第二条
Protection of civilians and civilian objects	保护平民和平民目的物
1. It is prohibited in all circumstances to make the civilian population as such, individual civilians or civilian objects the object of attack by incendiary weapons.	1. 禁止在任何情况下以平民居民、个别居民或平民目的物作为燃烧武器攻击的目标。
2. It is prohibited in all circumstances to make any military objective located within a concentration of civilians the object of attack by air-delivered incendiary weapons.	2. 禁止在任何情况下以空投燃烧武器攻击位于平民集聚地区内的任何军事目标。
3. It is further prohibited to make any military objective located within a concentration of civilians the object of attack by means of incendiary weapons other than air-delivered incendiary weapons, except when such military objective is clearly separated from the concentration of civilians and all feasible precautions are taken with a view to limiting the incendiary effects to the military objective and to avoiding, and in any event to minimizing, incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians and damage to civilian objects.	3. 进一步禁止以空投燃烧武器以外的燃烧武器攻击位于平民集聚地区内的任何军事目标，除非该军事目标与平民集聚点明显区分成隔离，并已采取一切可行的预防措施以便使燃烧的效果仅限于军事目标，同时避免并在任何情况下尽量减少平民生命的意外伤亡和平民目的物的破坏。
4. It is prohibited to make forests or other kinds of plant cover the object of attack by incendiary weapons except when such natural elements are used to cover, conceal or camouflage combatants or other military objectives, or are themselves military objectives.	4. 禁止以森林或其他种类的植被作为燃烧武器的攻击目标，但当这种自然环境被用来掩蔽、隐藏或伪装战斗人员或其他军事目标，或它们本身即军事目标时，则不在此限。