CVN/LoT States and Int Orgs, Work of ILC, 7th ed, 2007 CVN States and Int Orgs 1986 E.docx (English)	CVN/LoT States and Int Orgs, Work of ILC, 7th ed, 2007 CVN States and Int Orgs 1986 C.docx (Chinese)
K. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations	K．关于国家和国际组织间或国际组织相互间条约法的维也纳公约
Done at Vienna, on 21 March 1986	（1986年3月21日订于维也纳）
The Parties to the present Convention,	本公约各方当事方，
Considering the fundamental role of treaties in the history of international relations,	考虑到条约在国际关系历史上的重要作用，
Recognizing the consensual nature of treaties and their ever-increasing importance as a source of international law,	认识到条约的合意性质及其作为国际法渊源之一的重要性正日益增加，
Noting that the principles of free consent and of good faith and the pacta sunt servanda rule are universally recognized,	注意到自由同意和善意的原则以及条约必须遵守的规则已获举世所承认，
Affirming the importance of enhancing the process of codification and progressive development of international law at a universal level,	确认在全球一级加强国际法的编纂和逐渐发展进程的重要性，
Believing that the codification and progressive development of the rules relating to treaties between States and international organizations or between international organizations are means of enhancing legal order in international relations and of serving the purposes of the United Nations,	相信编纂和逐渐发展关于国家和国际组织间或国际组织相互间的条约的规则是在国际关系上加强法律秩序和有助于实现联合国宗旨的手段，
Having in mind the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations, such as the principles of the equal rights and self-determination of peoples, of the sovereign equality and independence of all States, of non-interference in the domestic affairs of States, of the prohibition of the threat or use of force and of universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all,	考虑到《联合国宪章》所载的国际法原则，诸如人民平等权利和自决，一切国家主权平等及独立、不干涉各国内政、禁止以武力威胁或使用武力、以及普遍尊重和遵守全体人类的人权和基本自由等原则，
Bearing in mind the provisions of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969,	考虑到1969年《维也纳条约法公约》的各项规定，
Recognizing the relationship between the law of treaties between States and the law of treaties between States and international organizations or between international organizations,	认识到国家间条约法与国家和国际组织间或国际组织相互间的条约法的关系，
Considering the importance of treaties between States and international organizations or between international organizations as a useful means of developing international relations and ensuring conditions for peaceful cooperation among nations, whatever their constitutional and social systems,	考虑到国家和国际组织间或国际组织相互间的条约作为发展国际关系的有用工具和确保不分宪法体制及社会制度的各国间和平合作条件的重要性，
Having in mind the specific features of treaties to which international organizations are parties as subjects of international law distinct from States,	考虑到国际组织作为不同于国家的国际法主体为当事方的条约的特性，
Noting that international organizations possess the capacity to conclude treaties, which is necessary for the exercise of their functions and the fulfilment of their purposes,	注意到国际组织具有为执行其职条和实现其宗旨所必需的缔约能力，
Recognizing that the practice of international organizations in concluding treaties with States or between themselves should be in accordance with their constituent instruments,	认识到国际组织与各国间或各组织相互间缔结条约的惯例应充分按照其组成文书，
Affirming that nothing in the present Convention should be interpreted as affecting those relations between an international organization and its members which are regulated by the rules of the organization,	确认本公约的任何规则不得解释为影响由国际组织的规则加以规定的该组织与其成员国间的关系，
Affirming also that disputes concerning treaties, like other international disputes, should be settled, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, by peaceful means and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law,	又确认关于条约的争端与其他国际争端相同，都应依照《联合国宪章》以和平方法并依照公正原则和国际法加以解决，
Affirming also that the rules of customary international law will continue to govern questions not regulated by the provisions of the present Convention,	又确认本公约未予规定的事项继续受习惯国际法规则的支配，
Have agreed as follows:	经协议如下：
Part I. Introduction	第一部分 导言
Article 1	第1条
Scope of the present Convention	本公约的范围
The present Convention applies to:	本公约适用于： （a）
(a) treaties between one or more States and one or more international organizations, and	一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约，和
(b) treaties between international organizations.	（b） 国际组织相互间的条约。
Article 2	第2条
Use of terms	用 语
1. For the purposes of the present Convention:	1. 为本公约的目的：
(a) “treaty” means an international agreement governed by international law and concluded in written form:	（a） “条约”指： （一） 一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间，或
(i) between one or more States and one or more international organizations; or (ii) between international organizations, whether that agreement is embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation;	（二） 国际组织相互间， 以书面缔结并受国际法支配的国际协议，不论其载于一项单独的文书或两项或更多有关的文书内，也不论其特定的名称为何；
(b) “ratification” means the international act so named whereby a State establishes on the international plane its consent to be bound by a treaty;	（b之一）“批准”指一国用该名称在国际上确定该国同意受一项条约拘束的国际行为；
(b bis) “act of formal confirmation” means an international act corresponding to that of ratification by a State, whereby an international organization establishes on the international plane its consent to be bound by a treaty;	（b之二）“正式确认行为”指国际组织用以在国际上确定其同意受一项条约拘束并相当于一国表示批准的国际行为；
(b ter) “acceptance”, “approval” and “accession” mean in each case the international act so named whereby a State or an international organization establishes on the international plane its consent to be bound by a treaty;	（b之三）“接受”、“核准”和“加入”分别指一国或一国际组织用该名称在国际上确定其同意受一项条约拘束的国际行为；
(c) “full powers” means a document emanating from the competent authority of a State or from the competent organ of an international organization designating a person or persons to represent the State or the organization for negotiating, adopting or authenticating the text of a treaty, for expressing the consent of the State or of the organization to be bound by a treaty, or for accomplishing any other act with respect to a treaty;	（c） “全权证书”指一国主管当局或一国际组织主管机关所发的文件，以指定一人或数人代表该国或该组织谈判、议定或认证条约的约文，表示该国或该组织同意受条约拘束，或完成有关条约的任何其他行为；
(d) “reservation” means a unilateral statement, however phrased or named, made by a State or by an international organization when signing, ratifying, formally confirming, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty, whereby it purports to exclude or to modify the legal effect of certain provisions of the treaty in their application to that State or to that organization;	（d） “保留”指一国或一国际组织在签署、批准、正式确认、接受、核准或加入条约时所作的单方面声明，不论其措词或名称为何，其目的在于排除或更改条约中某些规定对该国或该国际组织适用时的法律效果；
(e) “negotiating State” and “negotiating organization” mean respectively:	（e） “谈判国”和“谈判组织”分别指参与草拟和议定条约约文的：
(i) a State, or	（一） 国家；或
(ii) an international organization,	（二） 国际组织；
which took part in the drawing up and adoption of the text of the treaty; (f) “contracting State” and “contracting organization” mean respectively:	（f） “缔约国”和“缔约组织”分别指不论该条约已否生效，已同意受该条约拘束的：
(i) a State, or	（一） 国家；或
(ii) an international organization,	（二） 国际组织；
which has consented to be bound by the treaty, whether or not the treaty has entered into force; (g) “party” means a State or an international organization which has consented to be bound by the treaty and for which the treaty is in force;	（g） “当事方”指已同意受该条约拘束，而且该条约已对其生效的国家或国际组织；
(h) “third State” and “third organization” mean respectively:	（h） “第三国”和“第三组织”分别指不是该条约当事方的：
(i) a State, or	（一） 国家；或
(ii) an international organization,	（二） 国际组织；
not a party to the treaty; (i) “international organization” means an intergovernmental organization;	（i） “国际组织”指政府间组织；
(j) “rules of the organization” means, in particular, the constituent instruments, decisions and resolutions adopted in accordance with them, and established practice of the organization.	（j） “组织的规则”特别指该组织的组成文书、按照这些文书通过的决定和决议、以及确立的惯例。
2. The provisions of paragraph 1 regarding the use of terms in the present Convention are without prejudice to the use of those terms or to the meanings which may be given to them in the internal law of any State or in the rules of any international organization.	2. 第1款关于本公约内各项用语的规定，不妨碍此等用语在任何国家的国内法或任何国际组织的规则中的使用或所具有的意义。
Article 3	第3条
International agreements not within the scope of the present Convention	不属本公约范围的国际协定
The fact that the present Convention does not apply:	本公约不适用于：
(i) to international agreements to which one or more States, one or more international organizations and one or more subjects of international law other than States or organizations are parties;	（一） 当事方为一个或更多国家、一个或更多国际组织和一个或更多不是国家或组织的国际法主体的国际协定；
(ii) to international agreements to which one or more international organizations and one or more subjects of international law other than States or organizations are parties;	（二） 当事方为一个或更多国际组织和一个或更多不是国家或组织的国际法主体的国际协定；
(iii) to international agreements not in written form between one or more States and one or more international organizations, or between international organizations; or	（三） 一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间或国际组织相互间的非书面国际协定；或
(iv) to international agreements between subjects of international law other than States or international organizations;	（四） 不是国家或国际组织的国际法主体间的国际协定；
shall not affect:	这一事实应不影响：
(a) the legal force of such agreements;	（a） 这些协定的法律效力；
(b) the application to them of any of the rules set forth in the present Convention to which they would be subject under international law independently of the Convention;	（b） 本公约所载任何规则对这些协定的适用，如依照国际法，无须根据本公约，这些协定原应受上述规则的支配；
(c) the application of the Convention to the relations between States and international organizations or to the relations of organizations as between themselves, when those relations are governed by international agreements to which other subjects of international law are also parties.	（c） 本公约对国家和国际组织间的关系或各组织相互间的关系的适用，如这种关系受还有其他国际法主体为当事方的国际协定的支配。
Article 4	第4条
Non-retroactivity of the present Convention	本公约不溯及既往
Without prejudice to the application of any rules set forth in the present Convention to which treaties between one or more States and one or more international organizations or between international organizations would be subject under international law independently of the Convention, the Convention applies only to such treaties concluded after the entry into force of the present Convention with regard to those States and those organizations.	在不妨碍本公约所载即使本公约不加规定根据国际法原应适用于一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间或国际组织相互间的条约的任何规则的适用的情况下，本公约仅适用于本公约对这些国家和这些国际组织生效后所缔结的这类条约。
Article 5	第5条
Treaties constituting international organizations and treaties adopted within an international organization	组成国际组织的条约和在国际组织内议定的条约
The present Convention applies to any treaty between one or more States and one or more international organizations which is the constituent instrument of an international organization and to any treaty adopted within an international organization, without prejudice to any relevant rules of the organization.	本公约适用于一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间作为国际组织组成文书的任何条约和在国际组织内议定的任何条约，但不妨碍该组织的任何有关的规则。
Part II. Conclusion and Entry into Force of Treaties	第二部分 条约的缔结和生效
section 1. conclusion of treaties	第1节 条约的缔结
Article 6	第6条
Capacity of international organizations to conclude treaties	国际组织缔结条约的能力
The capacity of an international organization to conclude treaties is governed by the rules of that organization.	国际组织缔结条约的能力依照该组织的规则。
Article 7	第7条
Full powers	全权证书
1. A person is considered as representing a State for the purpose of adopting or authenticating the text of a treaty or for the purpose of expressing the consent of the State to be bound by a treaty if:	1. 有下列情形之一时，一个人被认为为了议定或认证条约约文或表示一国同意受条约拘束的目的而代表该国：
(a) that person produces appropriate full powers; or	（a） 他出示了适当的全权证书；
(b) it appears from practice or from other circumstances that it was the intention of the States and international organizations concerned to consider that person as representing the State for such purposes without having to produce full powers.	（b） 从惯例或其他情况看来，各有关国家和国际组织的意思认为该人为这些目的代表该国，而无须出示全权证书。
2. In virtue of their functions and without having to produce full powers, the following are considered as representing their State:	2. 由于所任职务，无须出示全权证书，被认为代表其国家的人如下：
(a) Heads of State, Heads of Government and Ministers for Foreign Affairs, for the purpose of performing all acts relating to the conclusion of a treaty between one or more States and one or more international organizations;	（a） 国家元首、政府首脑及外交部长：为了实施有关缔结一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约的一切行为；
(b) representatives accredited by States to an international conference, for the purpose of adopting the text of a treaty between States and international organizations;	（b） 国家任命出席国际会议的代表：为了议定国家和国际组织间的条约约文；
(c) representatives accredited by States to an international organization or one of its organs, for the purpose of adopting the text of a treaty in that organization or organ;	（c） 国家任命派往国际组织或其某一机关的代表：为了在该组织或机关内议定条约约文；
(d) heads of permanent missions to an international organization, for the purpose of adopting the text of a treaty between the accrediting States and that organization.	（d） 常驻国际组织代表团团长：为了议定派遣国和该组织间的条约约文。
3. A person is considered as representing an international organization for the purpose of adopting or authenticating the text of a treaty, or expressing the consent of that organization to be bound by a treaty, if:	3. 有下列情形之一时，一个人被认为为了议定或认证条约约文或为了表示一国际组织同意受条约拘束的目的而代表该组织：
(a) that person produces appropriate full powers; or	（a） 他出示了适当的全权证书；
(b) it appears from the circumstances that it was the intention of the States and international organizations concerned to consider that person as representing the organization for such purposes, in accordance with the rules of the organization, without having to produce full powers.	（b） 从各种情况看来，各有关国家和国际组织的意思认为该人按照该组织的规则为这些目的代表该组织，而无须出示全权证书。
Article 8	第8条
Subsequent confirmation of an act performed without authorization	对未获授权所实施的行为的事后确认
An act relating to the conclusion of a treaty performed by a person who cannot be considered under article 7 as authorized to represent a State or an international organization for that purpose is without legal effect unless afterwards confirmed by that State or that organization.	根据第7条不能被认为已获授权代表一国或一国际组织缔结条约的人，其实施的有关缔结条约的行为，非经该国或该国际组织事后确认，不发生法律效果。
Article 9	第9条
Adoption of the text	约文的议定
1. The adoption of the text of a treaty takes place by the consent of all the States and international organizations or, as the case may be, all the organizations participating in its drawing up except as provided in paragraph 2.	1. 除第2款规定的情形外，条约约文的议定应经参加起草约文的全体国家和国际组织或按情况全体国际组织的同意。
2. The adoption of the text of a treaty at an international conference takes place in accordance with the procedure agreed upon by the participants in that conference.	2. 在国际会议上，条约约文的议定应按照该会议参加者达成协议的程序进行。
If, however, no agreement is reached on any such procedure, the adoption of the text shall take place by the vote of two thirds of the participants present and voting unless by the same majority they shall decide to apply a different rule.	但如未就任何这种程序达成协议，则约文的议定应经出席并参加表决的参加者的三分之二多数通过，除非参加者以同样多数决定适用另一规则。
Article 10	第10条
Authentication of the text	约文的认证
1. The text of a treaty between one or more States and one or more international organizations is established as authentic and definitive:	1. 一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约约文依下列程序之一，确定为作准的和最后的约文：
(a) by such procedure as may be provided for in the text or agreed upon by the States and organizations participating in its drawing up; or	（a） 依约文所规定或参与草拟约文的国家和国际组织所协议的程序；
(b) failing such procedure, by the signature, signature ad referendum or initialling by the representatives of those States and those organizations of the text of the treaty or of the Final Act of a conference incorporating the text.	（b） 如无这种程序，则由这些国家和国际组织的代表在条约约文上或在载有约文的会议最后文件上实施签署、尚待认可的签署或草签。
2. The text of a treaty between international organizations is established as authentic and definitive:	2. 国际组织间的条约的约文依下列程序之一，确定为作准和最后的约文：
(a) by such procedure as may be provided for in the text or agreed upon by the organizations participating in its drawing up; or	（a） 依约文所规定或参与草拟约文的国际组织所协议的程序；
(b) failing such procedure, by the signature, signature ad referendum or initialling by the representatives of those States and those organizations of the text of the treaty or of the Final Act of a conference incorporating the text.	（b） 如无这种程序，则由这些国家和这些国际组织的代表在条约约文上或在载有约文的会议最后文件上实施签署、尚待认可的签署或草签。
Article 11	第11条
Means of expressing consent to be bound by a treaty	表示同意受条约拘束的方式
1. The consent of a State to be bound by a treaty may be expressed by signature, exchange of instruments constituting a treaty, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, or by any other means if so agreed.	1. 一国同意受条约拘束，可以签署、交换构成条约的文书、批准、接受、核准或加入，或以所协议的任何其他方式表示。
2. The consent of an international organization to be bound by a treaty may be expressed by signature, exchange of instruments constituting a treaty, act of formal confirmation, acceptance, approval or accession, or by any other means if so agreed.	2. 一国际组织同意受条约拘束，可以签署、交换构成条约的文书、正式确认、接受、核准或加入，或以所协议的任何其他方式表示。
Article 12	第12条
Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by signature	以签署表示同意受条约拘束
1. The consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by a treaty is expressed by the signature of the representative of that State or of that organization when:	1. 有下列情形之一时，一国或一国际组织以该国或该组织代表的签署表示同意受条约拘束：
(a) the treaty provides that signature shall have that effect;	（a） 该条约规定签署应有这种效果；
(b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations were agreed that signature should have that effect; or	（b） 通过其他方法确定各谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织已达成协议签署应有这种效果；
(c) the intention of the State or organization to give that effect to the signature appears from the full powers of its representative or was expressed during the negotiation.	（c） 从该国或该组织代表全权证书可以看出，或于谈判时已表示，该国或该组织有意使签署有这种效果。
2. For the purposes of paragraph 1:	2. 为第1款的目的：
(a) the initialling of a text constitutes a signature of the treaty when it is established that the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations so agreed;	（a） 如经确定各谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织有此协议，约文的草签构成对该条约的签署；
(b) the signature ad referendum of a treaty by the representative of a State or an international organization, if confirmed by his State or organization, constitutes a full signature of the treaty.	（b） 一国或一国际组织代表对条约实施的尚待认可的签署，如经该国或该组织确认，即构成对该条约的正式签署。
Article 13	第13条
Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by an exchange of instruments constituting a treaty	以交换构成条约的文书表示同意受条约拘束
The consent of States or of international organizations to be bound by a treaty constituted by instruments exchanged between them is expressed by that exchange when:	有下列情形之一时，国家或国际组织相互间以交换构成一项条约的一些文书，表示同意受该条约拘束：
(a) the instruments provide that their exchange shall have that effect; or	（a） 这些文书规定其交换应有这种效果；
(b) it is otherwise established that those States and those organizations or, as the case may be, those organizations were agreed that the exchange of instruments should have that effect.	（b） 通过其他方法确定这些国家和组织或按情况这些组织已达成协议文书的交换应有这种效果。
Article 14	第14条
Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by ratification, act of formal confirmation, acceptance or approval	以批准、正式确认、接受或核准表示同意受条约拘束
1. The consent of a State to be bound by a treaty is expressed by ratification when:	1. 有下列情形之一时，一国以批准表示同意受条约拘束：
(a) the treaty provides for such consent to be expressed by means of ratification;	（a） 条约规定以批准方式表示这种同意；
(b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States and negotiating organizations were agreed that ratification should be required;	（b） 通过其他方法确定各谈判国和谈判组织协议需要批准；
(c) the representative of the State has signed the treaty subject to ratification; or	（c） 该国代表已对条约作须经批准的签署；
(d) the intention of the State to sign the treaty subject to ratification appears from the full powers of its representative or was expressed during the negotiation.	（d） 从该国代表全权证书可以看出，或于谈判时已表示，该国有意对条约作须经批准的签署。
2. The consent of an international organization to be bound by a treaty is expressed by an act of formal confirmation when:	2. 有下列情形之一时，一国际组织以正式确认表示同意受条约拘束：
(a) the treaty provides for such consent to be expressed by means of an act of formal confirmation;	（a） 条约规定以正式确认表示这种同意；
(b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations were agreed that an act of formal confirmation should be required;	（b） 通过其他方法确定谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织协议需要正式确认；
(c) the representative of the organization has signed the treaty subject to an act of formal confirmation; or	（c） 该组织代表已对条约作须经正式确认的签署；
(d) the intention of the organization to sign the treaty subject to an act of formal confirmation appears from the full powers of its representative or was expressed during the negotiation.	（d） 从该组织代表全权证书可以看出，或于谈判时已表示，该组织有意对条约作须经正式确认的签署。
3. The consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by a treaty is expressed by acceptance or approval under conditions similar to those which apply to ratification or, as the case may be, to an act of formal confirmation.	3. 一国或一国际组织以接受或核准方式表示同意受条约拘束，其条件与适用于批准或按情况正式确认者相同。
Article 15	第15条
Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by accession	以加入表示同意受条约拘束
The consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by a treaty is expressed by accession when:	有下列情形之一时，一国或一国际组织以加入表示同意受条约拘束：
(a) the treaty provides that such consent may be expressed by that State or that organization by means of accession;	（a） 该条约规定该国或该组织可以加入方式表示这种同意；
(b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations were agreed that such consent may be expressed by that State or that organization by means of accession; or	（b） 通过其他方式确定各谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织已达成协议该国或该组织可以加入方式表示这种同意；
(c) all the parties have subsequently agreed that such consent may be expressed by that State or that organization by means of accession.	（c） 全体当事方嗣后协议该国或该组织可以加入方式表示这种同意。
Article 16	第16条
Exchange or deposit of instruments of ratification, formal confirmation, acceptance, approval or accession	批准书、正式确认书、接受书、核准书或加入书的交换或存放
1. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, instruments of ratification, instruments relating to an act of formal confirmation or instruments of acceptance, approval or accession establish the consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by a treaty between one or more States and one or more international organizations upon:	1. 除条约另有规定外，批准书、正式确认书、接受书、核准书或加入书于下列情形之一发生时即确定一国或一国际组织同意受一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间条约的拘束：
(a) their exchange between the contracting States and contracting organizations;	（a） 各缔约国和缔约组织交换文书时；
(b) their deposit with the depositary; or	（b） 将文书存放于保管机关时；
(c) their notification to the contracting States and to the contracting organizations or to the depositary, if so agreed.	（c） 将文书通知各缔约国和缔约组织或保管机关时，但以有此协议为条件。
2. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, instruments relating to an act of formal confirmation or instruments of acceptance, approval or accession establish the consent of an international organization to be bound by a treaty between international organizations upon:	2. 除条约另有规定外，正式确认书、接受书、核准书或加入书于下列情形之一发生时即确定一国际组织同意受国际组织相互间条约的拘束：
(a) their exchange between the contracting organizations;	（a） 各缔约组织间交换文书时；
(b) their deposit with the depositary; or	（b） 将文书存放于保管机关时；
(c) their notification to the contracting organizations or to the depositary, if so agreed.	（c） 将文书通知各缔约组织或保管机关时，但以有此协议为条件。
Article 17	第17条
Consent to be bound by part of a treaty and choice of differing provisions	同意受条约一部分的拘束和对不同规定的选择
1. Without prejudice to articles 19 to 23, the consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by part of a treaty is effective only if the treaty so permits, or if the contracting States and contracting organizations or, as the case may be, the contracting organizations so agree.	1. 在不妨碍第19至第23条的情况下，一国或一国际组织同意受条约一部分的拘束，仅于条约有此许可或各缔约国和缔约组织或按情况各缔约组织有此协议时，才是有效的。
2. The consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by a treaty which permits a choice between differing provisions is effective only if it is made clear to which of the provisions the consent relates.	2. 条约许可对不同的规定作出选择时，一国或一国际组织同意受该条约的拘束，只有在明白指出其所同意的规定时，才是有效的。
Article 18	第18条
Obligation not to defeat the object and purpose of a treaty prior to its entry into force	不得在条约生效前破坏其目的和宗旨的义务
A State or an international organization is obliged to refrain from acts which would defeat the object and purpose of a treaty when:	在下列期间内，一国或一国际组织有义务不从事任何足以破坏条约目的和宗旨的行为：
(a) that State or that organization has signed the treaty or has exchanged instruments constituting the treaty subject to ratification, act of formal confirmation, acceptance or approval, until that State or that organization shall have made its intention clear not to become a party to the treaty; or	（a） 该国或该国际组织已签署该条约或已交换构成条约的文书但该条约须经批准、正式确认、接受或核准，在该国或该国际组织明白表示其不愿成为条约当事方的意思以前；
(b) that State or that organization has expressed its consent to be bound by the treaty, pending the entry into force of the treaty and provided that such entry into force is not unduly delayed.	（b） 该国或该国际组织已表示同意受条约拘束，在该条约尚未生效的期间内，但以生效并不过度延缓为条件。
section 2. reservations	第2节 保留
Article 19	第19条
Formulation of reservations	提出保留
A State or an international organization may, when signing, ratifying, formally confirming, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty, formulate a reservation unless:	一国或一国际组织可于签署、批准、正式确认、接受、核准或加入一项条约时提出保留，但有下列情形之一时除外：
(a) the reservation is prohibited by the treaty;	（a） 该项保留为条约所禁止；
(b) the treaty provides that only specified reservations, which do not include the reservation in question, may be made; or	（b） 该条约规定只准作出一些特定的保留，而所提保留不在其内；
(c) in cases not falling under subparagraphs (a) and (b), the reservation is incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty.	（c） 在不属（a）、（b）两项的情形下，所提保留与条约的目的和宗旨不相容。
Article 20	第20条
Acceptance of and objection to reservations	对保留的接受和反对
1. A reservation expressly authorized by a treaty does not require any subsequent acceptance by the contracting States and contracting organizations or, as the case may be, by the contracting organizations unless the treaty so provides.	1. 条约明文准许的保留，无须各缔约国和缔约组织或按情况各缔约组织事后予以接受，但条约有此规定者除外。
2. When it appears from the limited number of the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, of the negotiating organizations and the object and purpose of a treaty that the application of the treaty in its entirety between all the parties is an essential condition of the consent of each one to be bound by the treaty, a reservation requires acceptance by all the parties.	2. 如果从各谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织数目有限的事实以及从条约的目的和宗旨可以看出，该条约在全体当事方间全部适用是每一当事方同意受条约拘束的必要条件，保留就须经全体当事方接受。
3. When a treaty is a constituent instrument of an international organization and unless it otherwise provides, a reservation requires the acceptance of the competent organ of that organization.	3. 条约是一国际组织的组成文书时，除另有规定外，保留需经该组织主管机关接受。
4. In cases not falling under the preceding paragraphs and unless the treaty otherwise provides:	4. 凡不属以上各款规定的情形，除条约另有规定外：
(a) acceptance of a reservation by a contracting State or by a contracting organization constitutes the reserving State or international organization a party to the treaty in relation to the accepting State or organization if or when the treaty is in force for the reserving State or organization and for the accepting State or organization;	（a） 保留如经一缔约国或一缔约组织接受，在与接受保留的国家或组织的关系上，保留国或国际组织即成为该条约的当事方，但以该条约对保留国或国际组织和接受国或国际组织均已生效或开始生效为条件；
(b) an objection by a contracting State or by a contracting organization to a reservation does not preclude the entry into force of the treaty as between the objecting State or international organization and the reserving State or organization unless a contrary intention is definitely expressed by the objecting State or organization;	（b） 保留如经一缔约国或一缔约组织反对，并不妨碍该条约在反对国或国际组织和保留国或国际组织之间生效，除非反对国或国际组织明确地表示了相反的意思；
(c) an act expressing the consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by the treaty and containing a reservation is effective as soon as at least one contracting State or one contracting organization has accepted the reservation.	（c） 一国或一国际组织表示同意受条约拘束的行为如附有一项保留，只要至少有一缔约国或一缔约组织接受保留，就发生效力。
5. For the purposes of paragraphs 2 and 4, and unless the treaty otherwise provides, a reservation is considered to have been accepted by a State or an international organization if it shall have raised no objection to the reservation by the end of a period of twelve months after it was notified of the reservation or by the date on which it expressed its consent to be bound by the treaty, whichever is later.	5． 为第2和第4款的目的，除该条约另有规定外，如一国或一国际组织直至其接到关于保留的通知后十二个月期间届满之日或直至其表示同意受条约拘束之日，并未对该保留提出反对，该保留就被认为已为其所接受，上述两个日期以较后的一个为准。
Article 21	第21条
Legal effects of reservations and of objections to reservations	保留和反对保留的法律效果
1. A reservation established with regard to another party in accordance with articles 19, 20 and 23:	1. 按照第19、第20和第23条，对另一当事方确立的一项保留：
(a) modifies for the reserving State or international organization in its relations with that other party the provisions of the treaty to which the reservation relates to the extent of the reservation; and	（a） 对保留国或国际组织而言，在其与该另一当事方的关系上，在保留的范围内，改变该保留所涉及的条约规定；和
(b) modifies those provisions to the same extent for that other party in its relations with the reserving State or international organization.	（b） 对该另一当事方而言，在其与保留国或国际组织的关系上，在同一范围内，改变这些规定。
2. The reservation does not modify the provisions of the treaty for the other parties to the treaty inter se.	2. 此项保留在该条约其他当事方相互间并不改变条约的规定。
3. When a State or an international organization objecting to a reservation has not opposed the entry into force of the treaty between itself and the reserving State or organization, the provisions to which the reservation relates do not apply as between the reserving State or organization and the objecting State or organization to the extent of the reservation.	3. 如一国或一国际组织反对一项保留但未反对其本身和保留国或国际组织间的条约生效，该保留所涉及的规定，在保留的范围内，不适用于保留国或国际组织和反对国或国际组织之间。
Article 22	第22条
Withdrawal of reservations and of objections to reservations	撤回保留和撤回保留的反对
1. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, a reservation may be withdrawn at any time and the consent of a State or of an international organization which has accepted the reservation is not required for its withdrawal.	1. 除条约另有规定外，保留可随时撤回，无须经业已接受保留的国家或国际组织同意。
2. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, an objection to a reservation may be withdrawn at any time.	2. 除条约另有规定外，对保留的反对可随时撤回。
3. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, or it is otherwise agreed:	3. 除条约另有规定或另经协议外：
(a) the withdrawal of a reservation becomes operative in relation to a contracting State or a contracting organization only when notice of it has been received by that State or that organization;	（a） 在对一缔约国或一缔约组织的关系上，撤回保留自该国或该组织收到通知时起才开始发生效力；
(b) the withdrawal of an objection to a reservation becomes operative only when notice of it has been received by the State or international organization which formulated the reservation.	（b） 撤回对保留的反对自保留国或国际组织收到撤回反对的通知时起才开始发生效力。
Article 23	第23条
Procedure regarding reservations	关于保留的程序
1. A reservation, an express acceptance of a reservation and an objection to a reservation must be formulated in writing and communicated to the contracting States and contracting organizations and other States and international organizations entitled to become parties to the treaty.	1. 保留、对于保留的明示接受和反对保留，均须以书面提出，并通知各缔约国和缔约组织及有权成为该条约当事方的其他国家和国际组织。
2. If formulated when signing the treaty subject to ratification, act of formal confirmation, acceptance or approval, a reservation must be formally confirmed by the reserving State or international organization when expressing its consent to be bound by the treaty.	2. 保留如在签署须经批准、正式确认、接受或核准的条约时提出，须由保留国或国际组织在表示同意受条约拘束时正式予以确认。
In such a case the reservation shall be considered as having been made on the date of its confirmation.	遇此情形，该项保留应被认为在其确认之日提出。
3. An express acceptance of, or an objection to, a reservation made previously to confirmation of the reservation does not itself require confirmation.	3. 在该项保留被确认前所提出的明示接受保留或反对保留无须予以确认。
4. The withdrawal of a reservation or of an objection to a reservation must be formulated in writing.	4. 撤回保留或撤回对保留的反对，必须以书面提出。
section 3. entry into force and provisional application of treaties	第3节 条约的生效和暂时适用
Article 24	第24条
Entry into force	生 效
1. A treaty enters into force in such manner and upon such date as it may provide or as the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations may agree.	1. 条约生效的方式和日期依该条约的规定或依各谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织的协议。
2. Failing any such provision or agreement, a treaty enters into force as soon as consent to be bound by the treaty has been established for all the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, all the negotiating organizations.	2. 如无这种规定或协议，则经确定全体谈判国和谈判组织或按情况全体谈判组织均同意受该条约拘束时，该条约即行生效。
3. When the consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by a treaty is established on a date after the treaty has come into force, the treaty enters into force for that State or that organization on that date, unless the treaty otherwise provides.	3. 除条约另有规定外，一国或一国际组织同意受该条约拘束如系在该条约生效后的某一日期确定，该条约对该国或该组织于该日生效。
4. The provisions of a treaty regulating the authentication of its text, the establishment of consent to be bound by the treaty, the manner or date of its entry into force, reservations, the functions of the depositary and other matters arising necessarily before the entry into force of the treaty apply from the time of the adoption of its text.	4. 条约中对条约约文的认证、同意受条约拘束的确定、条约生效的方式或日期、保留、保管机关的职务以及在条约生效前必然发生的其他事项所作的规定，自该条约约文通过时起适用。
Article 25	第25条
Provisional application	暂时适用
1. A treaty or a part of a treaty is applied provisionally pending its entry into force if:	1. 有下列情形之一时，条约或其一部分在其生效前暂时适用：
(a) the treaty itself so provides; or	（a） 该条约本身有此规定；
(b) the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations have in some other manner so agreed.	（b） 各谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织以其他方式有此协议。
2. Unless the treaty otherwise provides or the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations have otherwise agreed, the provisional application of a treaty or a part of a treaty with respect to a State or an international organization shall be terminated if that State or that organization notifies the States and organizations with regard to which the treaty is being applied provisionally of its intention not to become a party to the treaty.	2. 除该条约另有规定或各谈判国和谈判组织或按情况各谈判组织另有协议外，该条约或其一部分对一国或一国际组织的暂时适用，于该国或该组织将其不愿成为该条约当事方的意思通知该条约正对其暂时适用的各国和国际组织时应即终止。
Part III. Observance, Application and Interpretation of Treaties	第三部分 条约的遵守、适用和解释
section 1. observance of treaties	第1节 条约的遵守
Article 26	第26条
Pacta sunt servanda	条约必须遵守
Every treaty in force is binding upon the parties to it and must be performed by them in good faith.	凡现行有效的条约对各当事方均有拘束力，必须由其善意履行。
Article 27	第27条
Internal law of States, rules of international organizations and observance of treaties	国家的国内法、国际组织的规则和条约的遵守
1. A State party to a treaty may not invoke the provisions of its internal law as justification for its failure to perform the treaty.	1. 为一条约当事方的国家不得援引其国内法的规定作为不履行条约的理由。
2. An international organization party to a treaty may not invoke the rules of the organization as justification for its failure to perform the treaty.	2. 为一条约当事方的国际组织不得援引该组织的规则作为不履行条约的理由。
3. The rules contained in the preceding paragraphs are without prejudice to article 46.	3. 以上两款所载规则不妨碍第46条。
section 2. application of treaties	第2节 条约的适用
Article 28	第28条
Non-retroactivity of treaties	条约不溯及既往
Unless a different intention appears from the treaty or is otherwise established, its provisions do not bind a party in relation to any act or fact which took place or any situation which ceased to exist before the date of the entry into force of the treaty with respect to that party.	除条约显示或另经确定有不同的意思外，关于该条约对一当事方生效之日以前所发生的任何行为或事实或已停止存在的任何情况，该条约的规定对该当事方无拘束力。
Article 29	第29条
Territorial scope of treaties	条约的领土范围
Unless a different intention appears from the treaty or is otherwise established, a treaty between one or more States and one or more international organizations is binding upon each State party in respect of its entire territory.	除条约显示或另经确定有不同的意思外，一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约对为当事方的每一国家的拘束力及于其全部领土。
Article 30	第30条
Application of successive treaties relating to the same subject matter	关于同一事项先后所订几项条约的适用
1. The rights and obligations of States and international organizations parties to successive treaties relating to the same subject matter shall be determined in accordance with the following paragraphs.	1. 为关于同一事项先后所订几项条约当事方的各国和国际组织的权利和义务应按照下列各款加以确定。
2. When a treaty specifies that it is subject to, or that it is not to be considered as incompatible with, an earlier or later treaty, the provisions of that other treaty prevail.	2. 条约指明须不违反先订或后订条约或不得认为与先订或后订条约不相容时，该先订或后订条约的规定应居优先。
3. When all the parties to the earlier treaty are parties also to the later treaty but the earlier treaty is not terminated or suspended in operation under article 59, the earlier treaty applies to the extent that its provisions are compatible with those of the later treaty.	3. 先订条约全体当事方同时是后订条约的当事方，而先订条约根据第59条并不终止或中止施行时，先订条约只在其规定与后订条约规定相容的范围内适用。
4. When the parties to the later treaty do not include all the parties to the earlier one:	4. 后订条约当事方不包括先订条约全体当事方时：
(a) as between two parties, each of which is a party to both treaties, the same rule applies as in paragraph 3;	（a） 在每一方均为两项条约当事方的两个当事方间，适用第3款的同一规则；
(b) as between a party to both treaties and a party to only one of the treaties, the treaty to which both are parties governs their mutual rights and obligations.	（b） 在一方为两项条约当事方而一方则仅为其中一项条约当事方间，双方的相互权利和义务依照双方均为当事方的条约。
5. Paragraph 4 is without prejudice to article 41, or to any question of the termination or suspension of the operation of a treaty under article 60 or to any question of responsibility which may arise for a State or for an international organization from the conclusion or application of a treaty the provisions of which are incompatible with its obligations towards a State or an organization under another treaty.	5. 第4款不妨碍第41条，也不妨碍一项条约根据第60条终止或中止施行的任何问题，更不妨碍一国或一国际组织因缔结或适用一项条约而该条约的规定与该国或该组织对一国或一组织根据另一条约所负的义务不相容而发生的任何责任问题。
6. The preceding paragraphs are without prejudice to the fact that, in the event of a conflict between obligations under the Charter of the United Nations and obligations under a treaty, the obligations under the Charter shall prevail.	6. 以上各款不妨碍下述事实，即根据《联合国宪章》的义务与根据一项条约的义务发生抵触时，根据《宪章》的义务应居优先。
section 3. interpretation of treaties	第3节 条约的解释
Article 31	第31条
General rule of interpretation	解释的一般规则
1. A treaty shall be interpreted in good faith in accordance with the ordinary meaning to be given to the terms of the treaty in their context and in the light of its object and purpose.	1. 条约应按照其用语按上下文所具有的通常意义并参照该条约的目的和宗旨善意地予以解释。
2. The context for the purpose of the interpretation of a treaty shall comprise, in addition to the text, including its preamble and annexes:	2. 为解释条约的目的，上下文除指包括序言和附件在内的约文外，应包括：
(a) any agreement relating to the treaty which was made between all the parties in connection with the conclusion of the treaty;	（a） 全体当事方因缔结条约所订与该条约有关的任何协定；
(b) any instrument which was made by one or more parties in connection with the conclusion of the treaty and accepted by the other parties as an instrument related to the treaty.	（b） 一个或更多当事方因缔结该条约所订并经其他当事方接受为该条约有关文书的任何文书。
3. There shall be taken into account, together with the context:	3. 应与上下文一并考虑到的还有：
(a) any subsequent agreement between the parties regarding the interpretation of the treaty or the application of its provisions;	（a） 各当事方间嗣后所订关于该条约的解释或其规定的适用的任何协定；
(b) any subsequent practice in the application of the treaty which establishes the agreement of the parties regarding its interpretation;	（b） 在该条约适用时确定各当事方对该条约的解释意思一致的任何嗣后惯例；
(c) any relevant rules of international law applicable in the relations between the parties.	（c） 适用于当事方间关系的任何有关的国际法规则。
4. A special meaning shall be given to a term if it is established that the parties so intended.	4. 如经确定各当事方有意给予条约某一用语以特殊意义，应认为其具有该一意义。
Article 32	第32条
Supplementary means of interpretation	补充的解释资料
Recourse may be had to supplementary means of interpretation, including the preparatory work of the treaty and the circumstances of its conclusion, in order to confirm the meaning resulting from the application of article 31, or to determine the meaning when the interpretation according to article 31:	为了证实由于适用第31条所得的意义，或按照第31条作出的解释： （a） 意义不明或难解时；或
(a) leaves the meaning ambiguous or obscure; or	（b） 导致显然荒谬或不合理的结果时。
(b) leads to a result which is manifestly absurd or unreasonable.	为了确定其意义，可使用补充的解释资料，其中包括该条约的准备工作及其缔结时的情况资料在内。
Article 33	第33条
Interpretation of treaties authenticated in two or more languages	以两种或更多语文认证的条约的解释
1. When a treaty has been authenticated in two or more languages, the text is equally authoritative in each language, unless the treaty provides or the parties agree that, in case of divergence, a particular text shall prevail.	1. 一项条约经以两种或更多语文认证时，除该条约规定或各当事方协议遇有分歧以某一约文为准外，每一语文的约文应同一作准。
2. A version of the treaty in a language other than one of those in which the text was authenticated shall be considered an authentic text only if the treaty so provides or the parties so agree.	2. 以认证语文以外的其他语文作成的该条约译本，仅于该条约有此规定或各当事方有此协议时才视为作准约文。
3. The terms of a treaty are presumed to have the same meaning in each authentic text.	3. 条约用语推定在各作准约文内意义相同。
4. Except where a particular text prevails in accordance with paragraph 1, when a comparison of the authentic texts discloses a difference of meaning which the application of articles 31 and 32 does not remove, the meaning which best reconciles the texts, having regard to the object and purpose of the treaty, shall be adopted.	4. 除按照第1款应以某一约文为准的情况外，如比较各作准约文后发现意义有差别而适用第31和第32条不能消除时，应顾及该条约的目的和宗旨采用最能调和各约文的意义。
section 4. treaties and third states or third organizations	第4节 条约和第三国或第三组织
Article 34	第34条
General rule regarding third States and third organizations	关于第三国和第三组织的一般规则
A treaty does not create either obligations or rights for a third State or a third organization without the consent of that State or that organization.	一项条约非经第三国或第三组织同意，不为该国或该组织创设义务或权利。
Article 35	第35条
Treaties providing for obligations for third States or third organizations	为第三国或第三组织规定义务的条约
An obligation arises for a third State or a third organization from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to be the means of establishing the obligation and the third State or the third organization expressly accepts that obligation in writing.	如条约各当事方有意以条约的一项规定作为对某一第三国或第三组织确立一项义务的方法，且该第三国或第三组织以书面明示接受该项义务，则此项规定即对其产生义务。
Acceptance by the third organization of such an obligation shall be governed by the rules of that organization.	第三组织对该项义务的接受，应依照该组织的规则。
Article 36	第36条
Treaties providing for rights for third States or third organizations	为第三国或第三组织规定权利的条约
1. A right arises for a third State from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to accord that right either to the third State, or to a group of States to which it belongs, or to all States, and the third State assents thereto.	1. 如条约各当事方有意以条约的一项规定将一项权利给予一个第三国，或其所属的国家集团，或全体国家，且该第三国对此表示同意，则此项规定即给予该第三国该项权利。
Its assent shall be presumed so long as the contrary is not indicated, unless the treaty otherwise provides.	该第三国如无相反的表示，应推定其表示同意，除非条约另有规定。
2. A right arises for a third organization from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to accord that right either to the third organization, or to a group of international organizations to which it belongs, or to all organizations, and the third organization assents thereto.	2. 如条约各当事方有意以条约的一项规定将一项权利给予一个第三组织，或其所属的国际组织集团，或全体组织，而该第三组织对此表示同意，则此项规定即给予该第三组织该项权利。
Its assent shall be governed by the rules of the organization.	该组织的同意应依照该组织的规则。
3. A State or an international organization exercising a right in accordance with paragraph 1 or 2 shall comply with the conditions for its exercise provided for in the treaty or established in conformity with the treaty.	3. 按照第1或第2款行使权利的国家或国际组织，应遵守该条约所规定的或依照该条约所确立的行使该项权利的条件。
Article 37	第37条
Revocation or modification of obligations or rights of third States or third organizations	第三国或第三组织义务或权利的撤销或变更
1. When an obligation has arisen for a third State or a third organization in conformity with article 35, the obligation may be revoked or modified only with the consent of the parties to the treaty and of the third State or the third organization, unless it is established that they had otherwise agreed.	1. 依照第35条一项义务对第三国或第三组织已经产生时，非经条约各当事方和该第三国或第三组织同意，该项义务不得撤销或变更，但经确定它们另有协议时除外。
2. When a right has arisen for a third State or a third organization in conformity with article 36, the right may not be revoked or modified by the parties if it is established that the right was intended not to be revocable or subject to modification without the consent of the third State or the third organization.	2. 依照第36条一项权利对第三国或第三组织已经产生时，如经确定其原意为非经该第三国或第三组织同意，该项权利不得撤销或变更，则各当事方不得予以撤销或变更。
3. The consent of an international organization party to the treaty or of a third organization, as provided for in the foregoing paragraphs, shall be governed by the rules of that organization.	3. 以上各款所规定的作为条约当事方的国际组织或第三组织的同意，应依照各该组织的规则。
Article 38	第38条
Rules in a treaty becoming binding on third States or third organizations through international custom	条约的规则由于国际习惯而对第三国或第三组织有拘束力
Nothing in articles 34 to 37 precludes a rule set forth in a treaty from becoming binding upon a third State or a third organization as a customary rule of international law, recognized as such.	第34至第37条的任何规定不妨碍一项条约所载的一项规则作为公认的习惯国际法规则对第三国或第三组织发生拘束力。
Part IV. Amendment and Modification of Treaties	第四部分 条约的修正和修改
Article 39	第39条
General rule regarding the amendment of treaties	关于修正条约的一般规则
1. A treaty may be amended by agreement between the parties.	1. 各当事方可缔结协定修正条约。
The rules laid down in Part II apply to such an agreement except insofar as the treaty may otherwise provide.	除条约另有规定外，第二部分的规则适用于这种协定。
2. The consent of an international organization to an agreement provided for in paragraph 1 shall be governed by the rules of that organization.	2. 国际组织对第1款所规定的协定的同意，应依照该组织的规则。
Article 40	第40条
Amendment of multilateral treaties	多边条约的修正
1. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, the amendment of multilateral treaties shall be governed by the following paragraphs.	1. 除条约另有规定外，多边条约的修正应依照下列各款规定。
2. Any proposal to amend a multilateral treaty as between all the parties must be notified to all the contracting States and all the contracting organizations, each one of which shall have the right to take part in:	2. 在多边条约全体当事方间修正该条约的任何提议，必须通知全体缔约国和全体缔约组织，每一缔约国或缔约组织应有权参加：
(a) the decision as to the action to be taken in regard to such proposal;	（a） 关于就此提议采取行动的决定；
(b) the negotiation and conclusion of any agreement for the amendment of the treaty.	（b） 关于修正该条约的任何协定的谈判和缔结。
3. Every State or international organization entitled to become a party to the treaty shall also be entitled to become a party to the treaty as amended.	3. 有资格成为该条约当事方的每个国家或国际组织也应有资格成为修正后条约的当事方。
4. The amending agreement does not bind any State or international organization already a party to the treaty which does not become a party to the amending agreement; article 30, paragraph 4 (b), applies in relation to such State or organization.	4. 修正协定对未成为修正协定当事方但已为该条约当事方的任何国家或国际组织无拘束力；第30条第4款（b）项适用于这种国家或组织。
5. Any State or international organization which becomes a party to the treaty after the entry into force of the amending agreement shall, failing an expression of a different intention by that State or that organization:	5. 凡于修正协定生效后成为该条约当事方的任何国家或国际组织，如未表示不同的意思，则应：
(a) be considered as a party to the treaty as amended; and	（a） 视为修正后条约的当事方；和
(b) be considered as a party to the unamended treaty in relation to any party to the treaty not bound by the amending agreement.	（b） 在其对不受修正协定拘束的该条约任何当事方的关系上，应视为未经修正的条约的当事方。
Article 41	第41条
Agreements to modify multilateral treaties between certain of the parties only	仅在多边条约若干当事方间修改该条约的协定
1. Two or more of the parties to a multilateral treaty may conclude an agreement to modify the treaty as between themselves alone if:	1. 多边条约两个或更多当事方，有下列情形之一时，可缔结仅在它们之间修改该条约的协定：
(a) the possibility of such a modification is provided for by the treaty; or	（a） 该条约规定有作这种修改的可能；
(b) the modification in question is not prohibited by the treaty and:	（b） 该条约不禁止作这种修改，并且这种修改：
(i) does not affect the enjoyment by the other parties of their rights under the treaty or the performance of their obligations;	（一） 不影响其他当事方享有该条约规定的权利或履行其义务；
(ii) does not relate to a provision, derogation from which is incompatible with the effective execution of the object and purpose of the treaty as a whole.	（二） 不涉及任何如予减损即与有效执行整个条约的目的和宗旨不相容的规定。
2. Unless in a case falling under paragraph 1 (a) the treaty otherwise provides, the parties in question shall notify the other parties of their intention to conclude the agreement and of the modification to the treaty for which it provides.	2. 在第1款（a）项规定的情形下，除该条约另有规定外，有关当事方应将它们缔结协定的意思和该协定对该条约的修改的内容通知其他当事方。
Part V. Invalidity, Termination and Suspension of the Operation of Treaties	第五部分 条约的无效、终止和中止施行
section 1. general provisions	第1节 一般规定
Article 42	第42条
Validity and continuance in force of treaties	条约的有效性和继续保持效力
1. The validity of a treaty or of the consent of a State or an international organization to be bound by a treaty may be impeached only through the application of the present Convention.	1. 对于条约的有效性，或一国或一国际组织受这种条约拘束的同意的有效性，只能通过适用本公约提出异议。
2. The termination of a treaty, its denunciation or the withdrawal of a party, may take place only as a result of the application of the provisions of the treaty or of the present Convention.	2. 条约的终止、解除或一当事方退出条约，只能是适用该条约规定或本公约的结果。
The same rule applies to suspension of the operation of a treaty.	同一规则适用于条约的中止施行。
Article 43	第43条
Obligations imposed by international law independently of a treaty	无须基于条约的国际法义务
The invalidity, termination or denunciation of a treaty, the withdrawal of a party from it, or the suspension of its operation, as a result of the application of the present Convention or of the provisions of the treaty, shall not in any way impair the duty of any State or of any international organization to fulfil any obligation embodied in the treaty to which that State or that organization would be subject under international law independently of the treaty.	条约因适用本公约或该条约规定而无效、终止或解除、一当事方退出或中止施行时，决不应妨害任何国家或任何国际组织履行该条约所载即使无须依照该条约根据国际法该国或该国际组织也应履行的任何义务的职责。
Article 44	第44条
Separability of treaty provisions	条约规定的可分性
1. A right of a party, provided for in a treaty or arising under article 56, to denounce, withdraw from or suspend the operation of the treaty may be exercised only with respect to the whole treaty unless the treaty otherwise provides or the parties otherwise agree.	1. 除一项条约另有规定或各当事方另有协议外，该条约规定的或根据第56条产生的当事方解除、退出或中止施行该条约的权利，只能对整个条约行使。
2. A ground for invalidating, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty recognized in the present Convention may be invoked only with respect to the whole treaty except as provided in the following paragraphs or in article 60.	2. 本公约所承认的条约无效、终止、退出或中止施行的理由，只能对整个条约援用，但下列各款或第60条所规定的情形不在此限。
3. If the ground relates solely to particular clauses, it may be invoked only with respect to those clauses where:	3. 如果理由仅与特定条款有关，在下列情形下，只能对这些条款援用：
(a) the said clauses are separable from the remainder of the treaty with regard to their application;	（a） 这些条款在适用上可与该条约其余部分分离；
(b) it appears from the treaty or is otherwise established that acceptance of those clauses was not an essential basis of the consent of the other party or parties to be bound by the treaty as a whole; and	（b） 从该条约可以看出或另经确定，对这些条款的接受并非其他当事方同意受整个条约拘束的必要基础；和
(c) continued performance of the remainder of the treaty would not be unjust.	（c） 该条约其余部分的继续实施不致有失公正。
4. In cases falling under articles 49 and 50, the State or international organization entitled to invoke the fraud or corruption may do so with respect either to the whole treaty or, subject to paragraph 3, to the particular clauses alone.	4. 在第49和第50条规定的情形下，有权援引欺诈或贿赂为理由的国家或国际组织可对整个条约或在不违反第3款的情况下仅对特定条款援引。
5. In cases falling under articles 51, 52 and 53, no separation of the provisions of the treaty is permitted.	5. 在第51、第52和第53条规定的情形下，条约各规定一概不许分离。
Article 45	第45条
Loss of a right to invoke a ground for invalidating, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty	丧失援引使条约失效、终止、退出或中止施行条约的理由的权利
1. A State may no longer invoke a ground for invalidating, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty under articles 46 to 50 or articles 60 and 62 if, after becoming aware of the facts:	1. 一国于知悉事实后而有下列情形之一者，即不得再援引第46至第50条或第60和第62条所规定的条约失效、终止、退出或中止施行的理由：
(a) it shall have expressly agreed that the treaty is valid or remains in force or continues in operation, as the case may be; or	（a） 该国已明示同意该条约有效或仍然有效或继续施行；
(b) it must by reason of its conduct be considered as having acquiesced in the validity of the treaty or in its maintenance in force or in operation, as the case may be.	（b） 根据该国的行为必须视为已默认该条约的效力或该条约的继续生效或施行。
2. An international organization may no longer invoke a ground for invalidating, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty under articles 46 to 50 or articles 60 and 62 if, after becoming aware of the facts:	2. 一国际组织于知悉事实后有下列情形之一者，即不得再援引第46至第50条或第60及第62条所规定的条约失效、终止、退出或中止施行的理由：
(a) it shall have expressly agreed that the treaty is valid or remains in force or continues in operation, as the case may be; or	（a） 该组织已明示同意该条约有效或仍然有效或继续施行；
(b) it must by reason of the conduct of the competent organ be considered as having renounced the right to invoke that ground.	（b） 根据该组织主管机关的行为必须视为已放弃援引该项理由的权利。
section 2. invalidity of treaties	第2节 条约的无效
Article 46	第46条
Provisions of internal law of a State and rules of an international organization regarding competence to conclude treaties	一国国内法关于缔约权限的规定和一国际组织关于缔约权限的规则
1. A State may not invoke the fact that its consent to be bound by a treaty has been expressed in violation of a provision of its internal law regarding competence to conclude treaties as invalidating its consent unless that violation was manifest and concerned a rule of its internal law of fundamental importance.	1. 一国不得以其同意受条约拘束的表示违反该国国内法关于缔约权限的规定为理由而主张其同意无效，但违反情事明显且涉及其具有根本重要性的国内法规则时不在此限。
2. An international organization may not invoke the fact that its consent to be bound by a treaty has been expressed in violation of the rules of the organization regarding competence to conclude treaties as invalidating its consent unless that violation was manifest and concerned a rule of fundamental importance.	2. 一国际组织不得以其同意受条约拘束的表示违反该组织关于缔约权限的规则为理由而主张其同意无效，但违反情事明显且涉及其具有根本重要性的规则时不在此限。
3. A violation is manifest if it would be objectively evident to any State or any international organization conducting itself in the matter in accordance with the normal practice of States and, where appropriate, of international organizations and in good faith.	3. 违反情事如对在此事情上按照各国和在适当情况下按照各国际组织的通常惯例诚意地行事的任何国家或任何国际组织客观明显时，即为明显。
Article 47	第47条
Specific restrictions on authority to express the consent of a State or an international organization	对表示一国或一国际组织同意的权力的特定限制
If the authority of a representative to express the consent of a State or of an international organization to be bound by a particular treaty has been made subject to a specific restriction, his omission to observe that restriction may not be invoked as invalidating the consent expressed by him unless the restriction was notified to the negotiating States and negotiating organizations prior to his expressing such consent.	如代表表示一国或一国际组织同意受某一条约拘束的权力受特定限制，除非在其表示同意前已将此项限制通知各谈判国和谈判组织，该国或该国际组织不得援引该代表未遵守该项限制的事实，以主张其所表示的同意无效。
Article 48	第48条
Error	错 误
1. A State or an international organization may invoke an error in a treaty as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty if the error relates to a fact or situation which was assumed by that State or that organization to exist at the time when the treaty was concluded and formed an essential basis of the consent of that State or that organization to be bound by the treaty.	1. 一国或一国际组织可援引一项条约内的错误，以主张其受该条约拘束的同意无效，但以此项错误涉及该国或该组织在缔结该条约时假定存在且构成其同意受该条约拘束的必要基础的事实或情况为限。
2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if the State or international organization in question contributed by its own conduct to the error or if the circumstances were such as to put that State or that organization on notice of a possible error.	2. 如果错误是由该国或该国际组织本身的行动所铸成，或如当时情况足以使该国或该组织知悉有错误的可能，则第1款应不适用。
3. An error relating only to the wording of the text of a treaty does not affect its validity; article 80 then applies.	3. 只涉及条约约文措词的错误，不影响该条约的有效性；在这种情况下，适用第80条。
Article 49	第49条
Fraud	欺 诈
A State or an international organization induced to conclude a treaty by the fraudulent conduct of a negotiating State or a negotiating organization may invoke the fraud as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty.	一国或一国际组织如因另一谈判国或一谈判组织的欺诈行为而被诱使缔结一项条约，可援引欺诈为理由以主张其受该条约拘束的同意无效。
Article 50	第50条
Corruption of a representative of a State or of an international organization	对一国或一国际组织代表的贿赂
A State or an international organization the expression of whose consent to be bound by a treaty has been procured through the corruption of its representative directly or indirectly by a negotiating State or a negotiating organization may invoke such corruption as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty.	一国或一国际组织表示同意受一项条约拘束如果是由于一谈判国或一谈判组织直接或间接贿赂其代表而造成，可援引贿赂为理由以主张其受该条约拘束的同意无效。
Article 51	第51条
Coercion of a representative of a State or of an international organization	对一国或一国际组织的代表的强迫
The expression by a State or an international organization of consent to be bound by a treaty which has been procured by the coercion of the representative of that State or that organization through acts or threats directed against him shall be without any legal effect.	以行为或威胁对一国或一国际组织的代表施加强迫而取得的该国或该国际组织同意受条约拘束的表示应无任何法律效果。
Article 52	第52条
Coercion of a State or of an international organization by the threat or use of force	以武力威胁或使用武力对一国或一国际组织施加强迫
A treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or use of force in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Chatter of the United Nations.	违反《联合国宪章》所体现的国际法原则，以武力威胁或使用武力而获缔结的条约无效。
Article 53	第53条
Treaties conflicting with a peremptory norm of general international law (jus cogens)	与一般国际法的强制性规范（强行法）抵触的条约
A treaty is void if, at the time of its conclusion, it conflicts with a peremptory norm of general international law.	一项条约如在缔结时与一般国际法强制性规范抵触则无效。
For the purposes of the present Convention, a peremptory norm of general international law is a norm accepted and recognized by the international community of States as a whole as a norm from which no derogation is permitted and which can be modified only by a subsequent norm of general international law having the same character.	为本公约的目的，一般国际法强制性规范指各国组成的国际社会作为整体所接受，并承认为不许减损，且只能由嗣后具有同样性质的一般国际法规范方可加以更改的规范。
section 3. termination and suspension of the operation of treaties	第3节 条约的终止和中止施行
Article 54	第54条
Termination of or withdrawal from a treaty under its provisions or by consent of the parties	根据条约规定或经各当事方同意而终止或退出条约
The termination of a treaty or the withdrawal of a party may take place:	有下列情形之一时，一项条约可以终止或由一当事方退出：
(a) in conformity with the provisions of the treaty; or	（a） 依照该条约的规定；
(b) at any time by consent of all the parties after consultation with the contracting States and contracting organizations.	（b） 不论何时，经同各缔约国和缔约组织磋商后全体当事方表示同意。
Article 55	第55条
Reduction of the parties to a multilateral treaty below the number necessary for its entry into force	多边条约当事方减少至条约生效所必须的数目以下
Unless the treaty otherwise provides, a multilateral treaty does not terminate by reason only of the fact that the number of the parties falls below the number necessary for its entry into force.	除条约另有规定外，多边条约并不仅因当事方数目减少至其生效所必须的数目以下而终止。
Article 56	第56条
Denunciation of or withdrawal from a treaty containing no provision regarding termination, denunciation or withdrawal	解除或退出未载有终止、解除或退出规定的条约
1. A treaty which contains no provision regarding its termination and which does not provide for denunciation or withdrawal is not subject to denunciation or withdrawal unless:	1. 条约如未载有终止的规定，亦未对解除或退出作出规定，除有下列情形之一外，不得解除或退出：
(a) it is established that the parties intended to admit the possibility of denunciation or withdrawal; or	（a） 经证实各当事方原意为容许有解除或退出的可能；
(b) a right of denunciation or withdrawal may be implied by the nature of the treaty.	（b） 条约的性质默示有解除或退出的权利。
2. A party shall give not less than twelve months’ notice of its intention to denounce or withdraw from a treaty under paragraph 1.	2. 一当事方应将其根据第1款解除或退出条约的意思至迟于十二个月以前作出通知。
Article 57	第57条
Suspension of the operation of a treaty under its provisions or by consent of the parties	根据条约规定或经各当事方同意而中止施行条约
The operation of a treaty in regard to all the parties or to a particular party may be suspended:	有下列情况之一时，一项条约可对全体当事方或某一特定当事方中止施行：
(a) in conformity with the provisions of the treaty; or	（a） 依照该条约的规定；或
(b) at any time by consent of all the parties after consultation with the contracting States and contracting organizations.	（b） 不论何时，经同各缔约国和缔约组织磋商后全体当事方同意中止施行。
Article 58	第58条
Suspension of the operation of a multilateral treaty by agreement between certain of the parties only	多边条约仅经若干当事方协议而中止施行
1. Two or more parties to a multilateral treaty may conclude an agreement to suspend the operation of provisions of the treaty, temporarily and as between themselves alone, if:	1. 有下列情形之一时，一项多边条约的两个或更多当事方可缔结协定，仅在它们之间暂时中止施行该条约的规定：
(a) the possibility of such a suspension is provided for by the treaty; or	（a） 该条约规定了此种中止的可能性；
(b) the suspension in question is not prohibited by the treaty and:	（b） 这种中止非为该条约所禁止，并且：
(i) does not affect the enjoyment by the other parties of their rights under the treaty or the performance of their obligations;	（一） 既不影响其他当事方享有该条约规定的权利或履行其义务；
(ii) is not incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty.	（二） 也与该条约的目的和宗旨并非不相容。
2. Unless in a case falling under paragraph 1 (a) the treaty otherwise provides, the parties in question shall notify the other parties of their intention to conclude the agreement and of those provisions of the treaty the operation of which they intend to suspend.	2. 在第1款（a）项规定的情形下，除该条约另有规定外，各有关当事方应将它们缔结协定的意思及其有意中止施行的该条约的规定通知其他当事方。
Article 59	第59条
Termination or suspension of the operation of a treaty implied by conclusion of a later treaty	条约因缔结后订条约而默示终止或中止施行
1. A treaty shall be considered as terminated if all the parties to it conclude a later treaty relating to the same subject matter and:	1. 一项条约于其全体当事方就同一事项缔结一项后订条约，且有下列情形之一时，应视为已经终止：
(a) it appears from the later treaty or is otherwise established that the parties intended that the matter should be governed by that treaty; or	（a） 从该后订条约可以看出或另经确定各当事方的意思是这一事项应以该后订条约为准；
(b) the provisions of the later treaty are so far incompatible with those of the earlier one that the two treaties are not capable of being applied at the same time.	（b） 该后订条约的规定与该前订条约的规定互不相容的程度使两者不可能同时适用。
2. The earlier treaty shall be considered as only suspended in operation if it appears from the later treaty or is otherwise established that such was the intention of the parties.	2. 如果从该后订条约可以看出或另经确定各当事方的意思是仅使该前订条约中止施行，则该条约应仅视为中止施行。
Article 60	第60条
Termination or suspension of the operation of a treaty as a consequence of its breach	条约因违约而终止或中止施行
1. A material breach of a bilateral treaty by one of the parties entitles the other to invoke the breach as a ground for terminating the treaty or suspending its operation in whole or in part.	1. 一项双边条约的当事方之一有重大违约情事时，他方有权援引违约为理由全部或一部分终止该条约或中止其施行。
2. A material breach of a multilateral treaty by one of the parties entitles:	2. 一项多边条约的当事方之一有重大违约情事时：
(a) the other parties by unanimous agreement to suspend the operation of the treaty in whole or in part or to terminate it either:	（a） 其他当事方有权以一致协议：
(i) in the relations between themselves and the defaulting State or international organization; or	（一） 在它们与违约国或违约国际组织之间的关系上；或
(ii) as between all the parties;	（二） 在全体当事方之间将该条约全部或一部分中止施行或终止该条约；
(b) a party specially affected by the breach to invoke it as a ground for suspending the operation of the treaty in whole or in part in the relations between itself and the defaulting State or international organization;	（b） 特别受违约影响的当事方有权援引违约为理由，在该方与违约国或违约国际组织之间的关系上，将该条约全部或一部分中止施行；
(c) any party other than the defaulting State or international organization to invoke the breach as a ground for suspending the operation of the treaty in whole or in part with respect to itself if the treaty is of such a character that a material breach of its provisions by one party radically changes the position of every party with respect to the further performance of its obligations under the treaty.	（c） 如由于该条约的性质，一当事方对该条约规定的重大违反根本改变了每个当事方在继续履行其条约义务上所处的地位，违约国或违约国际组织以外的任何当事方均有权援引违约为理由，将该条约全部或一部分中止对本方施行。
3. A material breach of a treaty, for the purposes of this article, consists in:	3. 为本条的目的，重大违约指：
(a) a repudiation of the treaty not sanctioned by the present Convention; or	（a） 废弃该条约，而此种废弃并非本公约所准许；或
(b) the violation of a provision essential to the accomplishment of the object or purpose of the treaty.	（b） 违反该条约规定，而此项规定为实现该条约目的或宗旨所必要。
4. The foregoing paragraphs are without prejudice to any provision in the treaty applicable in the event of a breach.	4. 以上各款不妨碍该条约内适用于违约情事的任何规定。
5. Paragraphs 1 to 3 do not apply to provisions relating to the protection of the human person contained in treaties of a humanitarian character, in particular to provisions prohibiting any form of reprisals against persons protected by such treaties.	5. 第1至第3款不适用于人道主义性质的条约内所载关于保护人身的各项规定，尤其是关于禁止对受这种条约保护的人采取任何形式的报复的规定。
Article 61	第61条
Supervening impossibility of performance	发生意外不可能履行
1. A party may invoke the impossibility of performing a treaty as a ground for terminating or withdrawing from it if the impossibility results from the permanent disappearance or destruction of an object indispensable for the execution of the treaty.	1. 如果实施条约所必不可少的标的物永久消失或毁坏以致不可能履行条约时，当事方可援引不可能履行为理由终止或退出条约。
If the impossibility is temporary, it may be invoked only as a ground for suspending the operation of the treaty.	如果不可能履行系属暂时性质，则仅可援引为中止施行条约的理由。
2. Impossibility of performance may not be invoked by a party as a ground for terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty if the impossibility is the result of a breach by that party either of an obligation under the treaty or of any other international obligation owed to any other party to the treaty.	2. 如果条约不可能履行系一当事方违反条约义务或违反对条约任何其他当事方所负任何其他国际义务的结果，该当事方不得援引不可能履行为理由而终止、退出或中止施行条约。
Article 62	第62条
Fundamental change of circumstances	情况的基本改变
1. A fundamental change of circumstances which has occurred with regard to those existing at the time of the conclusion of a treaty, and which was not foreseen by the parties, may not be invoked as a ground for terminating or withdrawing from the treaty unless:	1. 除有下列情形外，一项条约缔结时存在的情况发生基本改变而非各当事方所预料者，不得援引为终止或退出该条约的理由：
(a) the existence of those circumstances constituted an essential basis of the consent of the parties to be bound by the treaty; and	（a） 这种情况的存在构成各当事方同意受该条约拘束的必要根据；和
(b) the effect of the change is radically to transform the extent of obligations still to be performed under the treaty.	（b） 该项改变的效果将根本变动依该条约尚待履行的义务的范围。
2. A fundamental change of circumstances may not be invoked as a ground for terminating or withdrawing from a treaty between two or more States and one or more international organizations if the treaty establishes a boundary.	2. 该条约如系确定一项边界，即不得援引情况的基本改变为理由终止或退出两个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约。
3. A fundamental change of circumstances may not be invoked as a ground for terminating or withdrawing from a treaty if the fundamental change is the result of a breach by the party invoking it either of an obligation under the treaty or of any other international obligation owed to any other party to the treaty.	3. 如果情况的基本改变系援引此项理由的当事方违反条约义务或违反对条约任何其他当事方所负任何其他国际义务的结果，该当事方不得援引情况基本改变为理由终止或退出该条约。
4. If, under the foregoing paragraphs, a party may invoke a fundamental change of circumstances as a ground for terminating or withdrawing from a treaty it may also invoke the change as a ground for suspending the operation of the treaty.	4. 如一当事方根据以上各款可援引情况的基本改变为终止或退出条约的理由，它也可援引该项改变为中止施行该条约的理由。
Article 63	第63条
Severance of diplomatic or consular relations	断绝外交或领事关系
The severance of diplomatic or consular relations between States Parties to a treaty between two or more States and one or more international organizations does not affect the legal relations established between those States by the treaty except insofar as the existence of diplomatic or consular relations is indispensable for the application of the treaty.	为两个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约当事方的国家彼此间断绝外交或领事关系，不影响它们之间由该条约确定的法律关系，但外交或领事关系的存在为适用该条约所必不可少者除外。
Article 64	第64条
Emergence of a new peremptory norm of general international law (jus cogens)	新的一般国际法强制性规范（强行法）的产生
If a new peremptory norm of general international law emerges, any existing treaty which is in conflict with that norm becomes void and terminates.	新的一般国际法强制性规范产生时，与该项规范相抵触的任何现行条约即成为无效并终止。
section 4. procedure	第4节 程序
Article 65	第65条
Procedure to be followed with respect to invalidity, termination, withdrawal from or suspension of the operation of a treaty	关于条约无效、终止、退出条约或中止施行条约应依循的程序
1. A party which, under the provisions of the present Convention, invokes either a defect in its consent to be bound by a treaty or a ground for impeaching the validity of a treaty, terminating it, withdrawing from it or suspending its operation, must notify the other parties of its claim.	1. 一当事方根据本公约的规定以其受条约拘束的同意有瑕疵为理由，或援引否认条约效力、终止、退出或中止施行条约的理由时，必须将其主张通知其他各当事方。
The notification shall indicate the measure proposed to be taken with respect to the treaty and the reasons therefor.	此项通知应载明对该条约所拟采取的措施及其理由。
2. If, after the expiry of a period which, except in cases of special urgency, shall not be less than three months after the receipt of the notification, no party has raised any objection, the party making the notification may carry out in the manner provided in article 67 the measure which it has proposed.	2. 如果在一段除遇特别紧急情形外不少于自收到通知时起三个月的期间届满后，没有当事方提出任何反对。 则作出通知的当事方可依第67条规定的方式，实施其所拟采取的措施。
3. If, however, objection has been raised by any other party, the parties shall seek a solution through the means indicated in Article 33 of the Charter of the United Nations.	3. 但如任何其他当事方表示反对，各当事方应通过《联合国宪章》第三十三条所指的方法求得解决。
4. The notification or objection made by an international organization shall be governed by the rules of that organization.	4. 国际组织所作的通知或反对应依照该组织的规则。
5. Nothing in the foregoing paragraphs shall affect the rights or obligations of the parties under any provisions in force binding the parties with regard to the settlement of disputes.	5. 以上各款的规定绝不影响各当事方根据对其有拘束力的任何关于解决争端的现行规定所具有的权利或义务。
6. Without prejudice to article 45, the fact that a State or an international organization has not previously made the notification prescribed in paragraph 1 shall not prevent it from making such notification in answer to another party claiming performance of the treaty or alleging its violation.	6. 在不妨碍第45条的情况下，一国或一国际组织以前并未作出第1款所规定的通知的事实，并不妨碍其为答复另一当事方要求其履行该条约或主张其违反条约而作出此种通知
Article 66	第66条
Procedures for judicial settlement, arbitration and conciliation	司法解决、仲裁和调解程序
1. If, under paragraph 3 of article 65, no solution has been reached within a period of twelve months following the date on which the objection was raised, the procedures specified in the following paragraphs shall be followed.	1. 如果在提出反对之日起十二个月内未能根据第65条第3款达成任何解决办法，应依循下列各款所指明的程序。
2. With respect to a dispute concerning the application or the interpretation of article 53 or 64:	2. 关于第53或第64条的适用或解释的争端：
(a) if a State is a party to the dispute with one or more States, it may, by a written application, submit the dispute to the International Court of Justice for a decision;	（a） 如一国为与一个或更多国家的争端当事方，该国可以书面申请将该争端提交国际法院作出裁决；
(b) if a State is a party to the dispute to which one or more international organizations are parties, the State may, through a Member State of the United Nations if necessary, request the General Assembly or the Security Council or, where appropriate, the competent organ of an international organization which is a party to the dispute and is authorized in accordance with Article 96 of the Charter of the United Nations, to request an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice in accordance with Article 65 of the Statute of the Court;	（b） 如一国为有一个或更多国际组织为当事方的争端当事方，该国于必要时可通过联合国一会员国请求大会或安全理事会或有适当情形下通过作为争端当事方并按照《联合国宪章》第九十六条获得授权的一国际组织的主管机关按照《国际法院规约》第65条请求国际法院发表咨询意见；
(c) if the United Nations or an international organization that is authorized in accordance with Article 96 of the Charter of the United Nations is a party to the dispute, it may request an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice in accordance with Article 65 of the Statute of the Court;	（c） 如联合国或按照《联合国宪章》第九十六条获得授权的一国际组织为争端当事方，联合国或该组织可按照《国际法院规约》第65条请求国际法院发表咨询意见；
(d) if an international organization other than those referred to in subparagraph (c) is a party to the dispute, it may, through a Member State of the United Nations, follow the procedure specified in subparagraph (b);	（d） （c）项所指者以外的国际组织如为争端当事方，该组织可通过联合国一会员国采取（b）项指明的程序；
(e) the advisory opinion given pursuant to subparagraph (b), (c) or (d) shall be accepted as decisive by all the parties to the dispute concerned;	（e） 依据（b）、（c）或（d）项发表的咨询意见应由争端各当事方接受为决定性意见；
(f) if the request under subparagraph (b), (c) or (d) for an advisory opinion of the Court is not granted, any one of the parties to the dispute may, by written notification to the other party or parties, submit it to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of the Annex to the present Convention.	（f） 如果根据（b）、（c）或（d）项由国际法院发表咨询意见的请求不获接受，争端任何当事方均可以书面通知其他当事方，按照本公约附件中的规定，将该争端提交仲裁。
3. The provisions of paragraph 2 apply unless all the parties to a dispute referred to in that paragraph by common consent agree to submit the dispute to an arbitration procedure, including the one specified in the Annex to the present Convention.	3. 除非第2款所指的争端各当事方以共同同意，协议将该争端提交一项仲裁程序，其中包括本公约附件所指明的仲裁程序，否则适用第2款的规定。
4. With respect to a dispute concerning the application or the interpretation of any of the articles in Part V, other than articles 53 and 64, of the present Convention, any one of the parties to the dispute may set in motion the conciliation procedure specified in the Annex to the Convention by submitting a request to that effect to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.	4. 关于本公约第五部分第53和第64条以外的任何条款的适用或解释的争端，该争端的任何当事方均可向联合国秘书长提出请求，发动本公约附件所指明的调解程序。
Article 67	第67条
Instruments for declaring invalid, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty	宣告条约无效、终止、退出或中止施行的文书
1. The notification provided for under article 65, paragraph 1, must be made in writing.	1. 第65条第1款规定的通知必须以书面作出。
2. Any act declaring invalid, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty pursuant to the provisions of the treaty or of paragraphs 2 or 3 of article 65 shall be carried out through an instrument communicated to the other parties.	2. 凡依据条约规定或第65条第2或第3款宣告条约无效、终止、退出或中止施行条约的行为，应以文书致送其他当事方为之。
If the instrument emanating from a State is not signed by the Head of State, Head of Government or Minister for Foreign Affairs, the representative of the State communicating it may be called upon to produce full powers.	如果一国所发文书未经国家元首、政府首脑或外交部长签署，可要求致送国的代表出示全权证书。
If the instrument emanates from an international organization, the representative of the organization communicating it may be called upon to produce full powers.	如果文书为一个国际组织所发，则可要求致送组织的代表出示全权证书。
Article 68	第68条
Revocation of notifications and instruments provided for in articles 65 and 67	第65和第67条所规定的通知和文书的撤销
A notification or instrument provided for in articles 65 or 67 may be revoked at any time before it takes effect.	第65和第67条所规定的通知或文书，在其产生效果以前可随时撤销。
section 5. consequences of the invalidity, termination or suspension of the operation of a treaty	第5节 条约无效、终止或中止施行的后果
Article 69	第69条
Consequences of the invalidity of a treaty	条约无效的后果
1. A treaty the invalidity of which is established under the present Convention is void.	1. 根据本公约确定为无效的条约无效。
The provisions of a void treaty have no legal force.	无效条约的规定无法律效力。
2. If acts have nevertheless been performed in reliance on such a treaty:	2. 但如已有依据这种条约而实施的行为，则：
(a) each party may require any other party to establish as far as possible in their mutual relations the position that would have existed if the acts had not been performed;	（a） 每一当事方可要求任何其他当事方在相互关系上尽可能建立在实施此项行为前原应存在的状况；
(b) acts performed in good faith before the invalidity was invoked are not rendered unlawful by reason only of the invalidity of the treaty.	（b） 在援引该条约无效前善意实施的行为，并不仅因该条约无效即成为非法。
3. In cases falling under articles 49, 50, 51 or 52, paragraph 2 does not apply with respect to the party to which the fraud, the act of corruption or the coercion is imputable.	3. 在第49、第50、第51或第52条所规定的情况下，第2款不适用于应为欺诈、贿赂或强迫行为负责的当事方。
4. In the case of the invalidity of the consent of a particular State or a particular international organization to be bound by a multilateral treaty, the foregoing rules apply in the relations between that State or that organization and the parties to the treaty.	4. 在某一国家或某一国际组织受一项多边条约拘束的同意无效的情况下，上述各项规则适用于该国或该组织与该条约各当事方之间的关系。
Article 70	第70条
Consequences of the termination of a treaty	条约终止的后果
1. Unless the treaty otherwise provides or the parties otherwise agree, the termination of a treaty under its provisions or in accordance with the present Convention:	1. 除一项条约另有规定或各当事方另有协议外，该条约根据其规定或按照本公约终止时：
(a) releases the parties from any obligation further to perform the treaty;	（a） 解除各当事方继续履行该条约的任何义务；
(b) does not affect any right, obligation or legal situation of the parties created through the execution of the treaty prior to its termination.	（b） 不影响各当事方在该条约终止前通过实施该条约所产生的任何权利、义务或法律情况。
2. If a State or an international organization denounces or withdraws from a multilateral treaty, paragraph 1 applies in the relations between that State or that organization and each of the other parties to the treaty from the date when such denunciation or withdrawal takes effect.	2. 如一国或一国际组织解除或退出一项多边条约，自解除或退出生效之日起，第1款适用于该国或该组织与该条约每一其他当事方之间的关系。
Article 71	第71条
Consequences of the invalidity of a treaty which conflicts with a peremptory norm of general international law	条约因与一般国际法强制性规范相抵触而无效的后果
1. In the case of a treaty which is void under article 53 the parties shall:	1. 一项条约根据第53条无效时，各当事方应：
(a) eliminate as far as possible the consequences of any act performed in reliance on any provision which conflicts with the peremptory norm of general international law; and	（a） 尽可能消除依据与一般国际法强制性规范相抵触的任何规定所实施的任何行为的后果；和
(b) bring their mutual relations into conformity with the peremptory norm of general international law.	（b） 使其相互关系符合一般国际法强制性规范。
2. In the case of a treaty which becomes void and terminates under article 64, the termination of the treaty:	2. 一项条约根据第64条成为无效并终止时，该条约的终止：
(a) releases the parties from any obligation further to perform the treaty;	（a） 解除各当事方继续履行该条约的任何义务；
(b) does not affect any right, obligation or legal situation of the parties created through the execution of the treaty prior to its termination; provided that those rights, obligations or situations may thereafter be maintained only to the extent that their maintenance is not in itself in conflict with the new peremptory norm of general international law.	（b） 不影响各当事方在该条约终止前通过实施该条约所产生的任何权利、义务或法律情况；但这种权利、义务或情况而后的维持以与新的一般国际法强制性规范不相抵触为限。
Article 72	第72条
Consequences of the suspension of the operation of a treaty	条约中止施行的后果
1. Unless the treaty otherwise provides or the parties otherwise agree, the suspension of the operation of a treaty under its provisions or in accordance with the present Convention:	1. 除一项条约另有规定或各当事方另有协议外，该条约根据其规定或按照本公约中止施行时：
(a) releases the parties between which the operation of the treaty is suspended from the obligation to perform the treaty in their mutual relations during the period of the suspension;	（a） 在中止施行期间，在中止施行该条约的各当事方间的相互关系上，解除其履行该条约的义务；
(b) does not otherwise affect the legal relations between the parties established by the treaty.	（b） 除此以外，并不影响该条约所确定的各当事方间的法律关系。
2. During the period of the suspension the parties shall refrain from acts tending to obstruct the resumption of the operation of the treaty.	2. 在中止施行期间，各当事方应避免采取可能阻挠该条约恢复施行的行为。
part vi. miscellaneous provisions	第六部分 杂项规定
Article 73	第73条
Relationship to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties	与维也纳条约法公约的关系
As between States Parties to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969, the relations of those States under a treaty between two or more States and one or more international organizations shall be governed by that Convention.	在均为1969年《维也纳条约法公约》当事国的国家间，其在两个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约下的关系，应受上述公约的支配。
Article 74	第74条
Questions not prejudged by the present Convention	本公约不预先断定的问题
1. The provisions of the present Convention shall not prejudge any question that may arise in regard to a treaty between one or more States and one or more international organizations from a succession of States or from the international responsibility of a State or from the outbreak of hostilities between States.	1. 本公约各项规定不应预先断定由于国家继承、一国的国际责任或国家间爆发敌对行动而可能对一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约发生的任何问题。
2. The provisions of the present Convention shall not prejudge any question that may arise in regard to a treaty from the international responsibility of an international organization, from the termination of the existence of the organization or from the termination of participation by a State in the membership of the organization.	2. 本公约各项规定不应预先断定由于一国际组织的国际责任、该国际组织终止存在或一国终止参加该国际组织而可能对一项条约发生的任何问题。
3. The provisions of the present Convention shall not prejudge any question that may arise in regard to the establishment of obligations and rights for States members of an international organization under a treaty to which that organization is a party.	3. 本公约各项规定不应预先断定关于根据一国际组织为当事方的条约确立该国际组织各成员国的义务和权利而可能发生的任何问题。
Article 75	第75条
Diplomatic and consular relations and the conclusion of treaties	外交和领事关系与条约的缔结
The severance or absence of diplomatic or consular relations between two or more States does not prevent the conclusion of treaties between two or more of those States and one or more international organizations.	两个或更多国家间断绝或缺乏外交或领事关系并不妨碍两个或更多这种国家和一个或更多国际组织之间缔结条约。
The conclusion of such a treaty does not in itself affect the situation in regard to diplomatic or consular relations.	这种条约的缔结本身不影响外交或领事关系方面的状况。
Article 76	第76条
Case of an aggressor State	侵略国问题
The provisions of the present Convention are without prejudice to any obligation in relation to a treaty between one or more States and one or more international organizations which may arise for an aggressor State in consequence of measures taken in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations with reference to that State’s aggression.	本公约的规定不妨碍因依照《联合国宪章》对侵略国的侵略行为所采措施而可能引起的该国对一个或更多国家和一个或更多国际组织间的条约所负的任何义务。
part vii. depositaries, notifications, correctons and registration	第七部分 保管机关、通知、更正和登记
Article 77	第77条
Depositaries of treaties	条约的保管机关
1. The designation of the depositary of a treaty may be made by the negotiating States and negotiating organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations, either in the treaty itself or in some other manner.	1. 条约的保管机关可由各谈判国和谈判组织，或按情况由各谈判组织在该条约中或以其他方式指定。
The depositary may be one or more States, an international organization or the chief administrative officer of the organization.	保管机关可以是一个或更多国家、一国际组织或该组织的行政首长。
2. The functions of the depositary of a treaty are international in character and the depositary is under an obligation to act impartially in their performance.	2. 条约的保管机关的职务是国际性的，保管机关有秉公执行职务的义务。
In particular, the fact that a treaty has not entered into force between certain of the parties or that a difference has appeared between a State or an international organization and a depositary with regard to the performance of the latter’s functions shall not affect that obligation.	特别是，条约在若干当事方间尚未生效或一国或一国际组织与保管机关间对该机关职务的执行意见分歧的事实，不应影响该项义务。
Article 78	第78条
Functions of depositaries	保管机关的职务
1. The functions of a depositary, unless otherwise provided in the treaty or agreed by the contracting States and contracting organizations or, as the case may be, by the contracting organizations, comprise in particular:	1. 除条约另有规定或各缔约国和缔约组织或按情况各缔约组织另有协议外，保管机关的职务主要包括下列各项：
(a) keeping custody of the original text of the treaty and of any full powers delivered to the depositary;	（a） 保管送交保管机关的条约正本及任何全权证书；
(b) preparing certified copies of the original text and preparing any further text of the treaty in such additional languages as may be required by the treaty and transmitting them to the parties and to the States and international organizations entitled to become parties to the treaty;	（b） 准备该条约正本的核证无误的副本及该条约所规定的条约其他语文文本，并将其分送各当事方及有权成为该条约当事方的各国和国际组织；
(c) receiving any signatures to the treaty and receiving and keeping custody of any instruments, notifications and communications relating to it;	（c） 接受对该条约的任何签署及接受并保管有关条约的任何文书、通知和告知；
(d) examining whether the signature or any instrument, notification or communication relating to the treaty is in due and proper form and, if need be, bringing the matter to the attention of the State or international organization in question;	（d） 审查对该条约的签署及有关该条约的任何文书、通知或告知是否妥善，如有必要将此事提请有关国家或国际组织注意；
(e) informing the parties and the States and international organizations entitled to become parties to the treaty of acts, notifications and communications relating to the treaty;	（e） 将有关该条约的行为、通知和告知报告各当事方及有权成为该条约当事方的各国和国际组织；
(f) informing the States and international organizations entitled to become parties to the treaty when the number of signatures or of instruments of ratification, instruments relating to an act of formal confirmation, or of instruments of acceptance, approval or accession required for the entry into force of the treaty has been received or deposited;	（f） 将该条约生效所需数目的签署或批准书、正式确认书或接受书、核准书或加入书业已收到和交存的日期，报告有权成为该条约当事方的各国和国际组织；
(g) registering the treaty with the Secretariat of the United Nations;	（g） 向联合国秘书处登记条约；
(h) performing the functions specified in other provisions of the present Convention.	（h） 执行本公约其他规定指明的职务。
2. In the event of any difference appearing between a State or an international organization and the depositary as to the performance of the latter’s functions, the depositary shall bring the question to the attention of:	2. 如果一国或一国际组织与保管机关间对该机关职务的执行意见分歧，保管机关应将此问题：
(a) the signatory States and organizations and the contracting States and contracting organizations; or	（a） 提请各签署国和签署组织及缔约国和缔约组织注意；或
(b) where appropriate, the competent organ of the international organization concerned.	（b） 适当时提请有关国际组织的主管机关注意。
Article 79	第79条
Notifications and communications	通知和告知
Except as the treaty or the present Convention otherwise provide, any notification or communication to be made by any State or any international organization under the present Convention shall:	除条约或本公约另有规定外，任何国家或任何国际组织根据本公约所作出的任何通知或告知：
(a) if there is no depositary, be transmitted direct to the States and organizations for which it is intended, or if there is a depositary, to the latter;	（a） 如无保管机关，应直接致送所要送达的国家和组织；如有保管机关，应致送该机关；
(b) be considered as having been made by the State or organization in question only upon its receipt by the State or organization to which it was transmitted or, as the case may be, upon its receipt by the depositary;	（b） 只有在被送达国或被送达组织收到通知或告知时，或按情况在保管机关收到时，才应视为业经致送国或致送组织作出了通知或告知；
(c) if transmitted to a depositary, be considered as received by the State or organization for which it was intended only when the latter State or organization has been informed by the depositary in accordance with article 78, paragraph l (e).	（c） 如系送交保管机关，只有在其所要送达的国家或组织收到保管机关按照第78条第1款（e）项发出的报告时，才应视为业经该国或组织收到了通知或告知。
Article 80	第80条
Correction of errors in texts or in certified copies of treaties	条约约文或核证无误的副本中错误的更正
1. Where, after the authentication of the text of a treaty, the signatory States and international organizations and the contracting States and contracting organizations are agreed that it contains an error, the error shall, unless those States and organizations decide upon some other means of correction, be corrected:	1. 条约约文经认证后，如果各签署国和签署组织和各缔约国和缔约组织一致认定该约文有错误，除各该国和组织决定其他更正方法外，此项错误应以下列方式之一加以更正：
(a) by having the appropriate correction made in the text and causing the correction to be initialled by duly authorized representatives;	（a） 在该约文上作适当的更正，并由正式授权的代表在更正处草签；
(b) by executing or exchanging an instrument or instruments setting out the correction which it has been agreed to make; or	（b） 制定或互换一项或数项文书，载明协议作出的更正；
(c) by executing a corrected text of the whole treaty by the same procedure as in the case of the original text.	（c） 依制定该约文正本的同样程序，制定该条约全文的更正本。
2. Where the treaty is one for which there is a depositary, the latter shall notify the signatory States and international organizations and the contracting States and contracting organizations of the error and of the proposal to correct it and shall specify an appropriate time limit within which objection to the proposed correction may be raised.	2. 条约如有保管机关，该机关应将此项错误及更正此项错误的提议通知各签署国和签署国际组织及各缔约国和缔约组织并应指明可对提议的更正提出反对的适当时限。
If, on the expiry of the time limit:	如在时限届满时：
(a) no objection has been raised, the depositary shall make and initial the correction in the text and shall execute a procés-verbal of the rectification of the text and communicate a copy of it to the parties and to the States and organizations entitled to become parties to the treaty;	（a） 并无反对提出，则保管机关应即在约文上作此更正并予草签，同时制定关于订正约文的记录，将该记录的副本一份递送各当事方及有权成为条约当事方的各国和组织；
(b) an objection has been raised, the depositary shall communicate the objection to the signatory States and organizations and to the contracting States and contracting organizations.	（b） 已有反对提出，则保管机关应将此项反对转达各签署国和签署组织及各缔约国和缔约组织。
3. The rules in paragraphs 1 and 2 apply also where the text has been authenticated in two or more languages and it appears that there is a lack of concordance which the signatory States and international organizations and the contracting States and contracting organizations agree should be corrected.	3. 遇认证作准的约文有两种或更多语文，而其中有不一致之处，经各签署国和签署国际组织及各缔约国和缔约组织达成协议应予更正时，第1款和第2款的规则也适用。
4. The corrected text replaces the defective text ab initio, unless the signatory States and international organizations and the contracting States and contracting organizations otherwise decide.	4. 除各签署国和签署国际组织及各缔约国和缔约组织另有决定外，更正后的约文应自始替代有误的约文。
5. The correction of the text of a treaty that has been registered shall be notified to the Secretariat of the United Nations.	5. 已登记条约约文的更正应通知联合国秘书处。
6. Where an error is discovered in a certified copy of a treaty, the depositary shall execute a procés-verbal specifying the rectification and communicate a copy of it to the signatory States and international organizations and to the contracting States and contracting organizations.	6. 遇条约的核证无误的副本上发现错误时，保管机关应制定一项记录载明所作的订正，并将该记录副本一份递送各签署国和签署国际组织及各缔约国和缔约组织。
Article 81	第81条
Registration and publication of treaties	条约的登记及公布
1. Treaties shall, after their entry into force, be transmitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration or filing and recording, as the case may be, and for publication.	1. 条约应于生效后送请联合国秘书处登记或按情况予以存档备案，并予公布。
2. The designation of a depositary shall constitute authorization for it to perform the acts specified in the preceding paragraph.	2. 指定保管机关即是授权该机关实施上款所指的各项行为。
part viii. final provisions	第八部分 最后条款
Article 82	第82条
Signature	签 字
The present Convention shall be open for signature until 31 December 1986 at the Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Austria, and subsequently, until 30 June 1987, at United Nations Headquarters, New York by:	本公约应于1986年12月31日以前于奥地利共和国联邦外交部，随后于1987年6月30日以前在纽约联合国总部向下列各方开放签字：
(a) all States;	（a） 国家；
(b) Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia;	（b） 纳米比亚，由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表；
(c) international organizations invited to participate in the United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or between International Organizations.	（c） 应邀参加联合国关于国家和国际组织间或国际组织相互间的条约法会议的国际组织。
Article 83	第83条
Ratification or act of formal confirmation	批准或正式确认行为
The present Convention is subject to ratification by States and by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and to acts of formal confirmation by international organizations.	本公约须经各国和由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚批准并须经各国际组织正式确认。
The instruments of ratification and those relating to acts of formal confirmation shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.	批准书和正式确认书应由联合国秘书长保管。
Article 84	第84条
Accession	加 入
1. The present Convention shall remain open for accession by any State, by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and by any international organization which has the capacity to conclude treaties.	1. 本公约应持续对任何国家、由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚以及具有缔约能力的任何国际组织开放加入。
2. An instrument of accession of an international organization shall contain a declaration that it has the capacity to conclude treaties.	2. 国际组织的加入书应载有一份声明，表示其有缔约能力。
3. The instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.	3. 加入书应交联合国秘书长保管。
Article 85	第85条
Entry into force	生 效
1. The present Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the date of deposit of the thirty-fifth instrument of ratification or accession by States or by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia.	1. 本公约应于第三十五份国家或由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚的批准或加入书交存之日后第三十天开始生效。
2. For each State or for Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, ratifying or acceding to the Convention after the condition specified in paragraph 1 has been fulfilled, the Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after deposit by such State or by Namibia of its instrument of ratification or accession.	2. 对于在第1款列举的条件完成后批准或加入公约的国家或由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚，公约应于该国或纳米比亚交存其批准或加入书后第三十天开始生效。
3. For each international organization depositing an instrument relating to an act of formal confirmation or an instrument of accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after such deposit, or at the date the Convention enters into force pursuant to paragraph 1, whichever is later.	3. 对于交存正式确认书或加入书的每一国际组织，公约应于交存后的第三十天开始生效，或于公约依据第1款开始生效之日生效，上述两个日期以较后的一个为准。
Article 86	第86条
Authentic texts	有效文本
The original of the present Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.	本公约正本应交存于联合国秘书长，其阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文文本具有同等效力。
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, and duly authorized representatives of the United Nations Council for Namibia and of international organizations have signed the present Convention.	为此，下列经本国政府正式授权的全权代表和经正式授权的联合国纳米比亚理事会的代表及各国际组织的代表，在本公约上签字，以资证明。
DONE at Vienna, this twenty-first day of March one thousand nine hundred and eighty-six.	公历一九八六年三月二十一日订于维也纳。
annex	附 件
arbitration and conciliation procedures established in application of article 66	根据第66条规定建立的仲裁和调解程序
i. establishment of the arbitral tribunal or conciliation commission	一、设立仲裁法庭或调解委员会
1. A list consisting of qualified jurists, from which the parties to a dispute may choose the persons who are to constitute an arbitral tribunal or, as the case may be, a conciliation commission, shall be drawn up and maintained by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.	1. 联合国秘书长应编制并保持一份名单，由合格法学家组成，争端各当事方可从其中挑选人员以组成仲裁法庭或按情况组成调解委员会。
To this end, every State which is a Member of the United Nations and every Party to the present Convention shall be invited to nominate two persons, and the names of the persons so nominated shall constitute the list, a copy of which shall be transmitted to the President of the International Court of Justice.	为此目的应请为联合国会员国的每个国家和本公约的每个缔约国提名两人，如此提名的人员姓名即构成上述名单，应将人员名单一份送国际法院院长。
The term of office of a person on the list, including that of any person nominated to fill a casual vacancy, shall be five years and may be renewed.	名单上人员的任期，其中包括因故出缺提名递补的任何人员的任期，应为五年，并可连任。
A person whose term expires shall continue to fulfil any function for which he shall have been chosen under the following paragraphs.	人员任期届满时应继续执行其根据以下各款被挑选担任的职务。
2. When notification has been made under article 66, paragraph 2, subparagraph (f), or agreement on the procedure in the present Annex has been reached under paragraph 3, the dispute shall be brought before an arbitral tribunal.	2. 在根据第66条第2款（f）项提出通知或已根据第3款就本附件的程序达成协议时，应将争端提交仲裁法庭。
When a request has been made to the Secretary-General under article 66, paragraph 4, the Secretary-General shall bring the dispute before a conciliation commission.	在根据第66条第4款向秘书长提出请求后，秘书长应将争端提交调解委员会。
Both the arbitral tribunal and the conciliation commission shall be constituted as follows:	仲裁法庭和调解委员会应以下列方式组成：
The States, international organizations or, as the case may be, the States and organizations which constitute one of the parties to the dispute shall appoint by common consent:	作为争端一当事方的国家、国际组织或按情况国家和国际组织应经共同同意：
(a) one arbitrator or, as the case may be, one conciliator, who may or may not be chosen from the list referred to in paragraph 1; and	（a） 指派仲裁员一人或按情况指派调解员一人，可从也可不从第1款所指名单中选出；及
(b) one arbitrator or, as the case may be, one conciliator, who shall be chosen from among those included in the list and shall not be of the nationality of any of the States or nominated by any of the organizations which constitute that party to the dispute, provided that a dispute between two international organizations is not considered by nationals of one and the same State.	（b） 指派仲裁员一人或按情况指派调解员一人，从名单上选出且不应为争端当事方的任何一国的国民，或作为争端当事方的任何国际组织所提名的人，但两个国际组织之间的争端必须不是由一个和同一国家的国民进行审议。
The States, international organizations or, as the case may be, the States and organizations which constitute the other party to the dispute shall appoint two arbitrators or, as the case may be, two conciliators, in the same way.	作为争端另一当事方的国家、国际组织或按情况国家和组织也应照此方式，指派仲裁员二人或按情况指派调解员二人。
The four persons chosen by the parties shall be appointed within sixty days following the date on which the other party to the dispute receives notification under article 66, paragraph 2, subparagraph (f), or on which the agreement on the procedure in the present Annex under paragraph 3 is reached, or on which the Secretary-General receives the request for conciliation.	各当事方所选出的四人应自争端另一当事方接到根据第66条第2款（f）项提出通知或根据第3款就本附件的程序达成协议或秘书长收到调解请求之日后六十日内指派。
The four persons so chosen shall, within sixty days following the date of the last of their own appointments, appoint from the list a fifth arbitrator or, as the case may be, conciliator, who shall be chairman.	按以上方式挑选的四名人员应自其中最后一人被指派之日起六十日内从名单中选出第五名仲裁员或按情况选出第五名调解员，该人应担任主席。
If the appointment of the chairman, or any of the arbitrators or, as the case may be, conciliators, has not been made within the period prescribed above for such appointment, it shall be made by the Secretary-General of the United Nations within sixty days following the expiry of that period.	如果主席或其他仲裁员或按情况调解员中任何一人未于上文规定的期间内指派，则应由联合国秘书长于此段期间届满后六十日内指派。
The appointment of the chairman may be made by the Secretary-General either from the list or from the membership of the International Law Commission.	秘书长可以从名单中或从国际法委员会委员中指派主席。
Any of the periods within which appointments must be made may be extended by agreement between the parties to the dispute.	争端各当事方可以协议展延任一指派期限。
If the United Nations is a party or is included in one of the parties to the dispute, the Secretary-General shall transmit the above-mentioned request to the President of the International Court of Justice, who shall perform the functions conferred upon the Secretary-General under this subparagraph.	如果联合国为争端一当事方或包括在当事方之一以内，秘书长应将上述请求转交国际法院院长，他应执行根据本项授予秘书长的职务。
Any vacancy shall be filled in the manner prescribed for the initial appointment.	任何出缺，应依照第一次指派所定方式补足。
The appointment of arbitrators or conciliators by an international organization provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be governed by the rules of that organization.	国际组织指派第1和第2段规定的仲裁员或调解员应依照该组织的规则。
ii. functioning of the arbitral tribunal	二、仲裁法庭的职务
3. Unless the parties to the dispute otherwise agree, the Arbitral Tribunal shall decide its own procedure, assuring to each party to the dispute a full opportunity to be heard and to present its case.	3. 除非争端各当事方另有协议，仲裁法庭应自行决定其程序，保证争端每一当事方均有陈述意见和提出其主张的充分机会。
4. The Arbitral Tribunal, with the consent of the parties to the dispute, may invite any interested State or international organization to submit to it its views orally or in writing.	4. 仲裁法庭在争端各当事方的同意下，可邀请任何有关国家或国际组织向仲裁法庭提出口头或书面意见。
5. Decisions of the Arbitral Tribunal shall be adopted by a majority vote of the members.	5. 仲裁法庭的裁诀应以仲裁员的过半数票作出。
In the event of an equality of votes, the vote of the Chairman shall be decisive.	如果票数相等，庭长所投的票应有决定性。
6. When one of the parties to the dispute does not appear before the Tribunal or fails to defend its case, the other party may request the Tribunal to continue the proceedings and to make its award.	6. 争端当事方之一不出庭或不为其案情辩护时，另一当事方可请求仲裁法庭继续仲裁程序并作出裁决。
Before making its award, the Tribunal must satisfy itself not only that it has jurisdiction over the dispute but also that the claim is well founded in fact and law.	仲裁法庭在作出裁决前，必须不但确实查明它对该争端有管辖权，而且确实查明所提的主张在事实上和法律上的确有根据。
7. The award of the Arbitral Tribunal shall be confined to the subject matter of the dispute and state the reasons on which it is based.	7. 仲裁法庭的裁决应以争端的主题事项为限，并应说明其所根据的理由。
Any member of the Tribunal may attach a separate or dissenting opinion to the award.	任何仲裁员均可在裁决上附上个别意见或反对意见。
8. The award shall be final and without appeal.	8. 裁决应是终结裁决，不得上诉。
It shall be complied with by all parties to the dispute.	争端全体当事方均应遵守裁决。
9. The Secretary-General shall provide the Tribunal with such assistance and facilities as it may require.	9. 秘书长应向法庭提供必要的协助和便利。
The expenses of the Tribunal shall be borne by the United Nations.	法庭的费用应由联合国负担。
iii. functioning of the conciliation commission	三、调解委员会执行职务
10. The Conciliation Commission shall decide its own procedure.	10. 调解委员会应自行决定其程序。
The Commission, with the consent of the parties to the dispute, may invite any party to the treaty to submit to it its views orally or in writing.	委员会在争端各当事方的同意下，可请条约任何当事方向委员会提出口头或书面意见。
Decisions and recommendations of the Commission shall be made by a majority vote of the five members.	委员会的决定及建议应以五名成员的过半数票作出。
11. The Commission may draw the attention of the parties to the dispute to any measures which might facilitate an amicable settlement.	11. 委员会可提请争端各当事方注意可能促进和解的任何措施。
12. The Commission shall hear the parties, examine the claims and objections, and make proposals to the parties with a view to reaching an amicable settlement of the dispute.	12. 委员会应听取各当事方的陈述，审查其要求与反对意见，并向各当事方提出建议，以求达成争端的和解。
13. The Commission shall report within twelve months of its constitution.	13. 委员会应于成立后十二个月内提出报告。
Its report shall be deposited with the Secretary-General and transmitted to the parties to the dispute.	报告应交秘书长保存并转送争端各当事方。
The report of the Commission, including any conclusions stated therein regarding the facts or questions of law, shall not be binding upon the parties and it shall have no other character than that of recommendations submitted for the consideration of the parties in order to facilitate an amicable settlement of the dispute.	委员会的报告，其中包括就事实或法律问题所作的任何结论，对各当事方均无拘束力，只具有为了促成争端的和解而提供各当事方考虑的建议的性质。
14. The Secretary-General shall provide the Commission with such assistance and facilities as it may require.	14. 秘书长应向委员会提供必要的协助和便利。
The expenses of the Commission shall be borne by the United Nations.	委员会的费用应由联合国负担。